Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels

Question 1

Types of blood vessels

Answer 1

• Elastic arteries, muscular arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins

Question 2

What does an artery do?

Answer 2

carries blood away from the heart, thick walls, and high pressure

Question 3

Name 2 main arteries

Answer 3

• Elastic artery
• Muscular artery

Question 4

What is the Elastic artery

Answer 4

abundant elastic fibers, large diameter, expand and recoil in response to blood flow and pressure. Aorta is main elastic artery

Question 5

What is the muscular artery

Answer 5

fewer elastic fibers, smaller diameter

Question 6

What does the arteriole vessel do

Answer 6

• slows down blood flow resulting in decreased blood pressure

Question 7

What is capillaries

Answer 7

site of gas and nutrient exchange

Question 8

name 3 capillaries

Answer 8

• Continuous capillary
• Fenestrated capillary
• Sinusoid capillary

Question 9

Continuous capillary

Answer 9

most common, complete endothelial lining with tight junctions with intercellular clefts for exchange

Question 10

Fenestrated capillary

Answer 10

has pores in endothelial lining allowing larger molecules to pass, common in small intestine and kidney

Question 11

Sinusoid capillary

Answer 11

least common, flattened and have extensive intercellular gaps plus fenestrations, allow passage of large molecules, found in liver, spleen, bone marrow, lymph nodes, and some endocrine glands

Question 12

What are venules

Answer 12

connects capillaries to larger veins

Question 13

What are veins

Answer 13

returns blood to heart, thin walls, low pressure

Question 14

name 3 blood vessel wall layers

Answer 14

• Tunica intima
• Tunica media
• Tunica externa/adventitia

Question 15

Tunica intima

Answer 15

innermost layer, smooth, epithelial and connective tissue, only layer in capillaries

Question 16

Tunica media

Answer 16

thicker in arteries than veins, connective tissue. layer that contains muscle

Question 17

Tunica externa/adventitia

Answer 17

thickest layer in veins, connective tissue

Question 18

capillary bed blood movement

Answer 18

blood flow through the capillary beds is controlled by precapillary sphincters to increase and decrease flow depending on the bodys needs and is directed by nerve and hormone signals

Question 19

capillary bed pressure

Answer 19

Capillary pressure favors filtration of fluid into the interstitial space, so increasing PC leads to edema and lowering it favors reabsorption of fluid from the interstitial space into the blood

Question 20

Whats the difference between capillary bed blood flow and pressure

Answer 20

Blood flow refers to the movement of blood through the vessels from arteries to the capillaries and then into the veins. Pressure is a measure of the force that the blood exerts against the vessel walls as it moves the blood through the vessels.