Endocrine/Reproduction Flashcards
What metabolite of glucose causes cataracts?
Sorbitol
Treatment for prolactinoma?
dopamine agonist (bromocriptine, cabergoline)
Greatest side effect of Metformin?
lactic acidosis (inhibit aerobic metab in muscles)
What binds T4 in the blood?
globulin: TGB
What kind of receptor does T4 bind to?
nuclear
What part of the male anatomy contributes fructose to sperm?
seminal vesicles
what structures crosses the ovarian vessels and are liable to accidental ligation during oophorectomy?
Ureter = flank pain from urinary retention
What is the physio affect of epi on B2-adrenoreceptors?
uterine relaxation
What is a Thyroglossal duct cyst?
in kids; presents as an anterior midline neck mass that moves with swallowing or protrusion of the tongue
= remnant of thyroglossal duct
What weight-loss drug causes steatorrhea, change in lipid levels, and dec in fat-sol vits?
Orlistat
How does the uterine artery connect to the maternal supply?
Internal iliac artery
In which does organs does gluconeogenesis occur (in order)?
- Liver
- Kidney
- Intestinal epithelium
When would you suspect ectopic pregnancy?
- 7 weeks gestation
2. low hCG levels (
Why does portal hypertension result in gynecomastia/spire angiomata/female hair distribution?
decreased degradation of estrogens
Which hormones would need to be immediately replaced in Sheehan Syndrome?
- glucocorticoids (cortisol)
2. thyroid hormone
Therapy with somatostatin analog will inhibit which 2 pituitary hormones?
- GH
2. TSH
Which atypical antipsychotic is known for significantly elevating prolactin levels?
Risperidone
What is the most common secretory product of pancreatic/duodenal endo lesions?
gastrin (= peptic ulcers)
How does pregnancy result in hyperthyroidism?
Preg = increase estro = increase TBG = increase T4
What is the initiating event in pre-eclampsia?
Placental ischemia: bc abnormal trophoblastic invasion of maternal spiral arteries and impaired placentation
What is the “female athlete triad”?
- intense exercise
- chronic dieting
- skeletal issues
What is exercise-induced amenorrhea?
Intense exercise + chronic dieting = suppresses hypothalamic secretion of GnRH = low FSH, LH, Estrogen
What bony landmark is used to administer pudendal nerve block?
Ischial spine
