Endocrine Pathalogy Flashcards
non encapsulated, pale empty nuclei, lymph node mets
Papillary carcinoma
Sympathetic activation of adrenal medulla
ACh
Benign adrenal lesions:
If functioning…
<3cm, homogenous, thin wall, lipid rich.
Urine VMA – functioning should be removed. Alpha +/- beta blockade
Oxyphil cells normally found in
parathyroid glands
Addisonian crisis
adrenal insufficiency - hyponatraemia, hyperkalaemia and hypoglycaemia
Thyroid cancer recurrence
o Medullary carcinoma (parafollicular c cells) – calcitonin
o Follicular carcinoma – thyroglobulin antibodies
90% of pancreatic carcinomas are
Ductular epithelia adenocarcinomas
Ductular epithelia - origin 90% of pancreatic carcinomas are adenocarcinomas.
Oxyphil cells with scanty colloid
Hurthe Cell tumours – worst follicular prognosis
1.5 cm insulinoma of the pancreatic head
Enucleation of the lesion
hypocalcaemia – confusion + laryngospasm/stridor
Parathryoid gland exploration – ischaemia – hypocalcaemia – confusion + laryngospasm/stridor (if no haematoma/drain empty)
for thyrotoxic storm
Beta adrenoceptor blockers and thionamides
Post viral hyperthyroidism, painful goitre, low I131 uptake.
Subacute/DeQuervain thyroiditis: Post viral hyperthyroidism, painful goitre, low I131 uptake. Raised ESR.
No surgery required!
Insulin half-life
<30minutes!
MEN1
3Ps – Parathyroid adenoma, Pituitary/Prolactinoma, Pancreatic/ZE Syndrome
MEN IIa –
Pheochromocytoma, parathyroid hyperplasia, MTC
