Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Nursing School-RN > Endocrine Medications > Flashcards

Endocrine Medications Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Nursing Mental Health flashcards Nursing Management of Care flashcards NCLEX-PN® flashcards NCLEX-RN® flashcards Nursing Fundamentals flashcards Nursing Pediatrics flashcards Nursing Safety & Infection flashcards Nursing Pharmacology flashcards Nursing Maternity flashcards Family Nurse Practitioner (FNP) flashcards
1
Q

Metformin (Glucophage)

A
  • Used for Type II Diabetes Management
  • Side effects: Headache, dizzy, drowsy, N/V/D, agitation, weakness, Lactic Acidosis
  • Report s/s of lactic acidosis to HCP immediately
  • Metformin is used in addition to other antiDM agents
  • XR Tablets must be swallowed whole, don’t chew or crush tablets
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Insulin Need to Knows

A
  • Given SQ route (lateral thigh, abdomen or outer arm)

- Rapid Acting Insulin/Novalog given 15 mins before meals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Rapid Acting-Insulin

A

Glulisine (Apidra) Remember GAL
Aspart (Novolog) *Onset: 5-15 mins
Lispro (Humalog) *Peak: 30-60 mins

  • Used to tx DM.
  • s/e: hypoglycemia, bronchospasm with inhaled insulin, anaphylaxis, lipodystrophy
  • Watch for hyperglycemia/hypoglycemia s/s
    - Normal is 70-120 mg/dL
  • Check type, dose, and exp date
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Regular Insulin

A

Humulin R, Humulin R-500 (5x stronger)

  • Onset: 30m
  • Peak: 2-4hr
  • Used for tx of DM; can be used to tx DKA
  • s/e: hypoglycemia, lipodystrophy
  • Correct administration @ correct time
  • Check type, dose, exp date (U-500 is color coded)
  • Recognize hypo/hyperglycemia s/s
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Intermediate Acting Insulin

A

Neutral Protamine Hagedorn (NPH)
-Humulin N, Novolin N

  • Used to tx DM; not for acute treatment of DKA due to prolonged duration
  • Onset: 1-2 hr, Peak: 4-12 hr
  • s/e: hypoglycemia, lipodystrophy
  • Carb Counting is important to diet plan
  • Recognize s/s of hypo/hyperglycemia
  • Memorize peak time-hypoglycemia occurs then
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Long-Acting Insulin

A 
Insulin Detemir (levemir)
Insulin Glargine (lantus)
  • Used to tx DM, not for acute tx
  • onset: 1-2 hr
  • s/e: hypoglycemia, lipodystrophy

*Recognize s/s of hypo/hyperglycemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Pramlintide

A
  • Treatment of DM 1 & 2 used with other anti-DM medications
  • Pen-filled Insulin (Prime as directed)
  • s/e: seizures, coma, cool/pale skin, depression, confusion, muscle/joint pain
  • Don’t drink alcohol
  • Recognize s/s of hypo/hyperglycemia
  • HbA1C and Postprandial are the best indicators of control
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist

A

Exenatide (byetta), Dulaglutide (trulicity), Albiglutide (tanzeum), Liraglutide (victoza)

  • Antidiabetic Agent
  • Used for treatment of type II diabetes uncontrolled by metformin or sulfonylurea.
  • s/e: dizziness, jitters, weakness, N/V/D

-Given 1 hour before meals (DO NOT TAKE AFTER)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors

A

Sitagliptin (Januvia), Saxagliptin (Onglyza), Linagliptin (Tradjenta), Alogliptin (Nesina)

  • Antidiabetic Agent
  • Used (in addition to diet and exercise) to improve glycemic control in type II diabetics.
  • s/e: headache
  • Often used in combination with other antidiabetic medications (metformin, thiazolidinedione)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Meglitinides

A

Repaglinide (Prandin)

  • Used to tx type II diabetes (with exercise and diet)
  • s/e: angina, hypo/hyperglycemia
  • Used in combination with other antidiabetic meds (metformine, rosiglitazone, pioglitazone)
  • Taken 30 mins before each meal
  • Test BS before meals and before bed
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors

A

Acarbose (precose), Miglitol (glyset)

  • Used to manage diabetes with diet therapy. Can be used with insulin or other hypoglycemic agents
  • S/e: abdominal pain, diarrhea, flatulence, inc in transaminases
  • Carry an oral form of glucose for hypoglycemia.
  • Sucrose is not digested-
  • Admin with first bite of each meal 3x/day
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter 2 Inhibitors

A

Canagliflozin (Invokana), Dapagliflozin (Farxiga), Empagliflozin (Jardiance)

  • Used to tx type II diabetes with diet and exercise.
  • s/e: hypotension, female mycotic infections, hypoglycemia, hyperkalemia
  • Take as directed, don’t double dose
  • May cause yeast infections, contact HCP if occurs
  • Notify HCP of rash, hives, swelling of face/lips/throat
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Sulfonylureas

A

Glipizide (Glucotrol), Glimepiride (Amaryl), Glyburide (DiaBeta)

  • Used to tx type II diabetes (with diet therapy or insulin resistance cases)
  • s/e: aplastic anemia, cramps, inc appetite

*Monitor glucose levels ac and qhs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Thiazolidinediones

A

Rosiglitazone (avandia), Pioglitazone (actos)

  • Used for tx of type II diabetes (with diet and exercise). Used alone or with other DM meds
  • s/e: edema, inc cholesterol/LDL/HDL levels, weight gain
  • Doesn’t cause hypoglycemia
  • Can be taken without food
  • Lab studies required to assess levels
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Pancreatic (Antihypoglycemic)

A

Glucagon

  • Used to manage acute cases of severe hypoglycemia
  • s/e: transient inc in HR/BP, N/V, anaphylaxis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Thyroid Hormones

A

Levothyroxine (synthroid)
Liothyronine (Cytomel, triostate)
Thyroid (Armour Thyroid, Westhroid)

  • Used as a replacement therapy for clients without a thyroid or to diminish thyroid use.
  • s/e: hyperthyroidism, menstrual irregularities, irritability, insomnia
  • Levothyroxine is given 30 mins-1 hour before breakfast (on an empty stomach)
  • Monitor T3/T4/TSH levels

*Take medication

17
Q

Antithyroids

A

Propylthiouracil (PTU)

  • Used as a palliative tx of hyperthyroidism
  • s/e: drowsiness, headache, loss of taste, agranulocytosis
  • Monitor weight 2-3x/week
  • Medication may cause drowsiness
  • Report Sore Throat, Unusual Bleeding, Bruising, Pallor, SOB, or extreme fatigue STAT
  • Frequent lab tests to determine effectiveness

*Watch for thyroid storm (tachycardia, palps, nervousness, insomnia, fever, sweating, heat intolerance, tremors, wt loss)

18
Q

Corticosteroids

A

Cortisone, Hydrocortisone, Methylprednisolone, Prednisone

  • Used as a systemic and local tx of inflammatory diseases. Replacement therapy for adrenal insufficiency.
  • s/e: peptic ulceration, dec wound healing, depression, psychoses, fluid retention
  • Don’t stop abruptly
  • Don’t use grape juice and limit caffeine for PO meds

Fludrocortisone

  • Used for tx of Na loss and hypotension asso. with adrenal insufficiency.
  • s/e: dizziness, adrenal suppression, wt gain, edema, headache
  • Avoid abrupt d/c (leads to addisonian crisis)
19
Q

Oxytocic

A

Oxytocin (Pitocin)
-Used for labor induction. Can be used for abortions. Postpartum bleeding control after expulsion of placenta.
-s/e: coma, seizures, hypotension (maternal)
intracranial hemorrhage, asphyxia, arrhythmias (fetal)

  • Expect contractions to be more severe and last longer.
  • Assess uterine contractions and fetal HR
20
Q

Antidiuretic Hormones (ADH)

A

Desmopressin, Vasopressin

  • Used to manage primary nocturnal enuresis unresponsive to other txs. Tx of pulseless VT, V Fib, GI Hemorrhage, vasodilatory shock of Diabetes insipidus caused by deficiency.
  • s/e: drowsiness, nasal congestion (DDAVP), HTN/HypoTN, tachycardia, water intoxication/hyponatremia
  • Avoid Alcohol (decs ASH effects)
21
Q

Growth Hormone

A

Somatropin (Genotropin)

  • Used to tx growth hormone deficiency in adults from pituitary disease, hypothalamic disease, surgery, radiation, trauma, or childhood onset.
  • s/e: edema of hands and feet, hypothyroidism, hyperglycemia, insulin resistance

*F/U with endocrinologist as recommended

22
Q

Hormones

A

Octreotide (Sandostatin)
Lanreotide (Somatuline Depot)

  • Used to treat severe diarrhea and flushing episodes with GI tumors. Tx diarrhea in AIDS clients or clients with fistulas.
  • s/e: drowsiness, cholethiasis, diarrhea, fat malabsorption, orthostatic hypotension
  • May cause dizziness, drowsiness, or visual disturbances
  • Slow position changes (Ortho hypoTN)
  • Keep a record of number/characteristics of BMs
23
Q

Progestin

A

Megestrol (Megace)

  • Used in palliative treatment of endometrial and breast carcinoma, either alone or with surgery/radiation. Tx of anorexia, wt loss and cachexia asso with AIDS (oral suspension only)
  • s/e: thromboembolism, GI Irritation, Alopecia
  • Take medicine exactly, no skipped or double doses
  • Report HCP of unusual vaginal bleeding or signs of DVT
  • Use contraception during therapy
  • Possible hair loss can occur
  • Assess client for swelling, pain, or tenderness in legs or armpits. (DVT s/s)
24
Q

Vasopressin Antagonists

A

Conivaptan (Vaprisol), Tolvaptan (Samsca)

  • Used to inc serum sodium in hospital pts with euvolemic or hypervolemic hyponatremia.
  • s/e: headache, confusion, hypo/HTN, dehydration, hypokalemia, fever, thirst
  • Do not drink grapefruit juice or take herbals
  • Report to HCP about pain/redness at site, dehydration signs, dark urine or stools, yellowing eyes

*Monitor for liver injury

Nursing School-RN (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions