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Laboratory > Endocrine Labs > Flashcards

Endocrine Labs Flashcards

1
Q

Normal TSH, with multiple endocrine-like symptoms. Order what…

A

T4 for clarification

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2
Q

Weeks it takes for the TSH to equilibrate

A

4-6 weeks

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3
Q

Total T4 is not commonly used. It is less accurate because the protein bound portion can be affected by

A

pregnancy, medications and this is not measuring the protein bound hormone, but the globulin

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4
Q

Free T3 can be good for

A

Cases of Hyperthyroidism, as levels of it tend to change more dramatically than T4 levels in hyperthyroidism. but this is more rare

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5
Q

TSH comes back low

A

Order FT4 and FT3 to confirm. prob end up referring

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6
Q

TSH comes back high

A

Order FT4 to confirm

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7
Q

TSH high, T4 low

A

Hypo. levo. monitor with periodic TSH

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8
Q

TSH high, T4 normal

A

“subclinical hypothyroidism” (Tx if symptomatic or TSH >10 or planning pregnancy)

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9
Q

TSH high, T4 high

A

refer

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10
Q

DM2 screening repeats

A

Repeat the same test ordered originally

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11
Q

General rule of sp/sn of DM tests

A

good Specificity, but poor sensitivity (when positive=def have DM, when negative=may still have DM)

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12
Q

FBG level for DM dx

A

> /= to 126 on TWO separate tests

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13
Q

IGT levels

A

impaired glucose tolerance = 101-125

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14
Q

A1c dx of DM

A

> /= 6.5% on TWO separate tests

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15
Q

A1c high risk values and dx

A

5.7% - 6.4% IGT

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16
Q

Changes in RBCs could affect

A

results of A1c

17
Q

2hOGTT steps

A

(Two-hour) Oral Glucose Tolerance Test.

Must fast for 8hrs ` pt first drinks 75g Glucose Solution/load ` waits 2hrs ` blood drawn. (F8,75G, 2hrs, Blood)

18
Q

OGTT dx values

A

same as any other blood glucose.

  1. > /=200 DM
  2. levels 140 - 199 are diagnostic for impaired glucose tolerance IGT
  3. Under 140 is NORMAL
19
Q

Monitoring tests for DM pt’s

A

Complete Urinalysis
Lipid Panel
CMP(liver fnx)
A1c (biannually in stable pt’s, quarterly in unstable pt’s)

20
Q

Goal A1c for DM?

A

<7%

21
Q

Protein portion of lipoprotein?

A

apolipoprotein

22
Q

Normal life of LDL, and abnormal life?

A

attach to receptors and “used up”. but if oxidized it can not attach and cause all sorts of shenanigans like atherosclerosis

23
Q

Main transporter of triglycerides and cholesterol is? life of them?

A

VLDLs. from the liver into the plasma. degrade to become LDL. which last longer in the blood. (test of choice is LDL due to this)

24
Q

HDL fnx?

A

Significant transporters of cholesterol from the peripheral tissues and arteries to the liver “good”

25
Q

80/15

A

Triglycerides in the plasma are a combo of VLDLs (80%) and LDLs (15%)

26
Q

plasma triglyceride level is used to calculate

A

LDL level

27
Q

Components of Lipid Panel

A 
Total Cholesterol
HDL-C
LDL
Triglycerides
Total Cholesterol-to-HDL ratio
28
Q

Total cholesterol Normal levels

A

140-199mg/dL

29
Q

HDL Normal levels

A

Men: 35-65mg/dL
Women: 35-80mg/dL

30
Q

LDL normal levels

A

optimal is <100mg/dL but individualized based on rf

31
Q

Triglycerides normal levels

A

<150mg/dL

32
Q

TC-to-HDL ratio

A

higher the ratio the greater the risk for developing atherosclerosis (optimal is <3.5)

33
Q

other optional ratio besides tc-to-hdl (do not use this)

A

LDL/HDL ratio, optimal <4.5 DO NOT USE THIS

34
Q

RF list for Statin therapy

A

dyslipidemia as detected by screening labs(LDL>130 or HDL <40)
DM
HTN
Smoker

35
Q

One method for Statin plan

A

tx until LDL goal is reached then maintain that dose.

36
Q

other labs for CVD eval

A

Apolipoprotein A and B. lower the ratio, the higher the risk bc it mimics A/B ~ LDL/HDL

37
Q

Exercise and LDL

A

changes make-up of LDLs found in plasma by reducing the portion of LDLs that are oxidized

Laboratory (6 decks)

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