Endocrine Lab

Question 1

Where do you palpate for thyroid gland?

Answer 1

place index fingers just below cricoid cartilage

Question 2

What should you do if pt has enlarged thyroid?

Answer 2

listen over lateral lobes to detect bruit

Question 3

Soft thyroid gland

Answer 3

Graves disease

Question 4

Firm thyroid gland

Answer 4

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis & malignancy

Question 5

Tender thyroid gland

Answer 5

thyroiditis

Question 6

What is a common finding in hyperthyroidism (Graves)?

Answer 6

exophthalmos (abnormal protrusion of eyeball)

Question 7

Physical findings associated with hypocalcemia

Answer 7

Chvotsek sign
Troussea’s sign

cataracts, dry skin, hyperpigmentation, eczema, steatorrhea

Question 8

Steps in diabetic screening

Answer 8

examine feet for skin lesions/infection
pressure sensation using monofilament testing
vibration sensation w/ tuning fork
superficial pain sensation
bilateral DTRs of ankle
bilateral pulses

Question 9

DM foot exam

Answer 9

inspect feet (between toes & nails)
check for warmth or signs of infection
pulses (dorsalis pedis or posterior tibialis)
monofilament PLUS vibration sensation/pinprick/ankle reflex

Question 10

What is commonly found in DM exam?

Answer 10

acanthosis nigricans (black pigment around nec)
neuropathy & ulcers

Question 11

How to screen for neuropathy

Answer 11

ask pt to close eyes & press monofilament into pt bare feet so monofilament bends

ask if pt feels anything & take note of which areas lost sensation

Question 12

Order for pressure sensation w/ monofilament on feet

Answer 12

start w/ big toe
pinky toe
from inside to outside underneath toes
heel

Question 13

Normal findings in routine glucose testing

Answer 13

normal fasting glucose <100 mg/DL
normal 2 hr post prandial glucose <140 mg/DL
normal random glucose<200 mg/DL