Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology > Endocrine Hormones > Flashcards

Endocrine Hormones Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)? Action, Organ, D/T

A

Action: stimulates the release of FSH and LH
Organ: Hypothalamus
Type:
Direct/tropic? Tropic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the growth hormone-releasing hormone (GNRH)? Action, Organ, D/T

A

Action: stimulates release of the growth hormone (GH)
Organ: Hypothalamus
Type:
Direct/tropic? Tropic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the thyroid-releasing hormone (TRH)? Action, Organ, Type, D/T

A

Action: stimulates release of the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
Organ: Hypothalamus
Type:
Direct/tropic? Tropic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF)?

A

Action: stimulates release of adrenocorticoptripoic hormone (ACTH)
Organ: Hypothalamus
Type:
Direct/tropic? Tropic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is prolactin-inhibiting factor (PIF)? Action, Organ, Type, D/T

A 
Action: inhibits prolactin secretion 
Organ: Hypothalamus
Type: 
Direct/tropic? Tropic
Extra: aka dopamine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)? Action, Organ, Type, D/T

A 
Action: stimulates follicle maturation in females; spermatogenesis in males 
Organ: Anterior pituitary
Type: Peptide
Direct/Tropic: Tropic
Other:
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is luteinizing hormone (LH)? Action, Organ, Type, D/T

A 
Action: stimulates ovulation in females; testosterone synthesis in males 
Organ: Anterior pituitary
Type: Peptide
Direct/Tropic: Tropic
Other:
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)? Action, Organ, Type, D/T

A 
Action: stimulates the adrenal cortex to synthesis and secrete glucocorticoids
Organ: Anterior pituitary
Type: Peptide
Direct/Tropic: Tropic
Other:
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)? Action, Organ, Type, D/T

A 
Action: stimulates/controls the thyroid to produce thyroid hormones
Organ: Anterior pituitary
Type: Peptide
Direct/Tropic: Tropic
Other:
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is prolactin? Action, Organ, Type, D/T

A

Action: stimulates milk production and secretion from mammary glands
Organ: Anterior pituitary/ mammary glands
Type: Peptide
Direct/Tropic: Direct
Other:

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are endorphins? Action, Organ, Type, D/T

A 
Action: decrease sensation of pain; can promote euphoria
Organ: Anterior pituitary
Type: Peptide
Direct/Tropic: Direct
Other:
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is growth hormone (GH)? Action, Organ, Type, D/T

A 
Action: stimulates bone and muscle growth; raises blood glucose levels, stimulates breakdown of fatty acids
Organ: Anterior pituitary
Type: Peptide
Direct/Tropic: Direct
Other:
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is antidiuretic hormone (ADH)? Action, Organ, Type, D/T, Why

A

Action: stimulates water reabsorption in kidneys by increasing permeability of collecting duct
Organ: Posterior pituitary
Type: Peptide
Direct/Tropic: Direct
Why: secreted in response to increased plasma osmolarity or increased concentration of solutes within the blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is oxytocin? Action, Organ, Type, D/T

A 
Action: stimulates uterine contractions during labor and milk secretion during lactation; may promote bonding behavior
Organ: Posterior pituitary
Type: Peptide
Direct/Tropic: Direct
Other: positive feedback loop
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is triiodothyronine (T3)? Action, Organ, Type, D/T

A 
Action: stimulates metabolic activity - sets the basal metabolic rate
Organ: Thyroid (follicular cells)
Type: Amino-acid derivative
Direct/Tropic: Direct 
Production: iodination of tyrosine
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is thyroxine (T4)? Action, Organ, Type, D/T

A 
Action: stimulates metabolic activity - sets basal metabolic rate
Organ: Thyroid (follicular cells)
Type: Amino-acid derivative
Direct/Tropic: Direct 
Production: Iodination of tyrosine
17
Q

What is calcitonin? Action, Organ, Type, D/T

A 
Action: decreases blood calcium concentrations in plasma via (1) increasing calcium excretion from kidneys, (2) decreasing calcium absorption from the gut (3) increasing storage of calcium in the bone; calcium homeostasis 
Organ: Thyroid (C-cells)
Type: Peptide
Direct/Tropic: Direct
Other:
18
Q

What is parathyroid hormone (PTH)? Action, Organ, Type, D/T

A 
Action: increases blood calcium concentrations; (1) decreases excretion of calcium from the kidneys, (2)  increases absorption of calcium in the gut (3) increases bone resorption 
Organ: Parathyroids
Type: Peptide
Direct/Tropic: Direct
Other: antagonistic hormone to calcium
19
Q

What is cortisol? Action, Organ, Type, D/T

A

Action: increase blood glucose concentrations; decrease protein synthesis; anti-inflammatory
Organ: Adrenal cortex
Type: Steroid
Direct/Tropic: Direct
Other: “stress hormone” because triggered by stress; increases blood sugar

20
Q

What is cortisone? Action, Organ, Type, D/T

A 
Action: increase blood glucose concentrations; decrease protein synthesis; anti-inflammatory
Organ: Adrenal cortex
Type: Steroid
Direct/Tropic: Direct 
Other:
21
Q

What is aldosterone? Action, Organ, Type, D/T

A 
Action: increase water reabsorption in the kidneys by increasing sodium reabsorption; promote potassium  and hydrogen ion excretion
Organ: Adrenal cortex
Type: Steroid
Direct/Tropic: Direct
Other:
22
Q

What is epinephrine? Action, Organ, Type, D/T

A 
Action: increase blood glucose concentrations and heart rate; dilate bronchi; alter blood flow patterns
Organ: Adrenal medulla
Type: Amino-acid derivative
Direct/Tropic: Direct
Other:
23
Q

What is norepinephrine? Action, Organ, Type, D/T

A 
Action: increase blood glucose concentrations and heart rate; dilate bronchi; alter blood flow patterns
Organ: Adrenal medulla
Type: Amino-acid derivative
Direct/Tropic: Direct
Other:
24
Q

What is glucagon? Action, Organ, Type, D/T

A 
Action: stimulates glycogen breakdown (glycogenolysis); increase blood glucose concentrations
Organ: alpha cells in the pancreas
Type: Peptide
Direct/Tropic: Direct
Other:
25
Q

What is insulin? Action, Organ, Type, D/T

A 
Action: lowers blood glucose concentrations and promotes anabolic processes 
Organ: beta cells in the pancreas
Type: Peptide
Direct/Tropic: Direct
Other:
26
Q

What is somatostatin? Action, Organ, Type, D/T

A

Action: suppresses secretion of glucagon and insulin
Organ: little delta cells of pancreas (and hypothalamus)
Type: Peptide
Direct/Tropic: Direct
Other:

27
Q

What is testosterone?

A 
Action: induces the development and maintenance of male reproductive system and male secondary sex characteristics
Organ: Testis/adrenal cortex
Type: Steroid
Direct/Tropic: Direct
Other:
28
Q

What is estrogen? Action, Organ, Type, D/T

A 
Action: induces the development and maintenance of female reproductive system and female secondary sex characteristics 
Organ: Ovary/placenta
Type: Steroid
Direct/Tropic: Direct
Other:
29
Q

What is progesterone? Action, Organ, Type, D/T

A 
Action: promotes maintenance of the endometrium 
Organ: Ovary/placenta
Type: Steroid
Direct/Tropic: Direct
Other:
30
Q

What is melatonin?

A 
Action: involved in circadian rhythms
Organ: Pineal gland
Type: Peptide
Direct/Tropic: Direct
Other:
31
Q

What is erythropoietin? Action, Organ, Type, D/T

A 
Action: stimulates bone marrow to produce erythrocytes 
Organ: Kidney
Type: Peptide
Direct/Tropic: Direct
Other:
32
Q

What is atrial natriuretic peptide?

A 
Action: promotes salt and water excretion
Organ: Heart (atria)
Type: Peptide
Direct/Tropic: Direct
Other:
33
Q

What is thymosin? Action, Organ, Type, D/T

A 
Action: stimulates T-cell development
Organ: thymus
Type: Peptide
Direct/Tropic: Direct
Other:

Biology (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions