Endocrine Hormones Flashcards
1
Q
Thyrotropin-releasing hormone
A
- hypothalamus
- stimulates secretion of thyroid-stimulating hormone and prolactin
- peptide
2
Q
Corticotropin-releasing hormone
A
- hypothalamus
- causes release of adrenocorticotropic hormone
- peptide
3
Q
Growth hormone-releasing hormone
A
- hypothalamus
- causes release of growth hormone
- peptide
4
Q
Growth hormone inhibitory hormone (somatostatin)
A
- hypothalamus
- inhibits release of growth hormone
- peptide
5
Q
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
A
- hypothalamus
- causes release of lutenizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone
6
Q
Dopamine or prolactin-inhibiting factor
A
- hypothalamus
- inhibits release of prolactin
- amine
7
Q
Growth hormone
A
- anterior pituitary
- stimulates protein synthesis and overall growth of most cells and tissues
- peptide
8
Q
Thyroid-stimulating hormone
A
- anterior pituitary
- stimulates synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones (thyroxine and triiodothyronine)
- peptide
9
Q
Adrenocorticotropic hormone
A
- anterior pituitary
- stimulates synthesis and secretion of adrenocortical hormones (cortisol, androgens, aldosterone)
- peptide
10
Q
Prolactin
A
- anterior pituitary
- promotes development of the female breasts and secretion of milk
- peptide
11
Q
Follicle-stimulating hormone
A
- anterior pituitary
- causes growth of follicles in the ovaries and sperm maturation in sertoli cells of testes
- peptide
12
Q
Luteninzing hormone
A
- anterior pituitary
- stimulates testosterone synthesis in leydig cells of testes
- stimulates ovulation, formation of corpus luteum and estrogen and progesterone synthesis in ovaries
- peptide
13
Q
Antidiuretic hormone
A
- posterior pituitary
- increases water reabsorption by the kidneys and causes vasoconstriction and increased blood pressure
- peptide
14
Q
Oxytocin
A
- posterior pituitary
- stimulates milk ejection from breasts and uterine contractions
- peptide
15
Q
Thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3)
A
- thyroid
- increases the rates of chemical reactions in most cells, thus increasing body metabolic rate
- amine
16
Q
Calcitonin
A
- thyroid
- promotes deposition of calcium in the bones and decreases extracellular fluid calcium ion concentration
- peptide
17
Q
Cortisol
A
- adrenal cortex
- multiple metabolic functions for controlling metabolism of proteins, carbs, and fats
- also anti-inflammatory effects
- steroid
18
Q
Aldosterone
A
- adrenal cortex
- increases renal sodium reabsorption, potassium secretion, and H ion secretion
- steroid
19
Q
Norepinephrine, epinephrine
A
- adrenal medulla
- same effects as sympathetic stimulation
- amine
20
Q
Insulin (beta cells)
A
- pancreas
- promotes glucose entry in many cells, controls carb metabolism
- peptide
21
Q
Glucagon (alpha cells)
A
- pancreas
- increases synthesis and release of glucose from liver into the body fluids
- peptide
22
Q
Parathyroid hormone
A
- parathyroid
- controls serum calcium ion concentration by increasing calcium absorption by the gut and kidneys and releasing calcium from bones
- peptide
23
Q
Testosterone
A
- testes
- promotes development of male repro system and secondary sex characteristics
- steroid
24
Q
Estrogens
A
- ovaries
- promotes growth and development of female repro system, female breasts, female secondary sex characteristics
- steroid
25
Q
Progesterone
A
- ovaries
- stimulates secretion of uterine milk by the uterine endometrial glands and promotes development of secretory apparatus of breasts
- steroid
