Endocrine Homeostasis and Interventions Flashcards
What is an Endocrine and Exocrine gland?
Endocrine - Section is internal into the bloodstream rather than a duct
Exocrine - Secreted substances onto an epithelial surface by way of a duct
Give an example of a Lipid soluble hormone
Corticosteroids
Give an example of a Water soluble hormone
Insulin
All steriod hormones are based on which molecule?
Cholesterol
The hypothalamus is divided into two distinct segments - what are they called?
Anterior segment: Adenohypophysis
Posterior segment: Neurohypophysis
The Hypothalamus and Anterior Pituitary gland is connected by a bed of capillaries called?
Hypophyseal portal system
Give three examples of hormones secreted by the Hypothalamus which in turn stimulates the release of a hormone by the Anterior Pituatary
TRH – TSH
CRH – ACTH
GnRH – LH, FSH
What is the affect of ACTH released by the Anterior Pituitary gland on the Adrenal cortex?
Release of Cortisol from Adrenal Cortex
What are the three types of Adrenal Insufficiency?
Primary, secondary, tertiary adrenal insufficiency
What occurs in Primary Adrenal Insufficiency?
Pathology in Adrenal gland, with low levels of Cortistol
What occurs in Secondary Adrenal Insufficiency?
Pathology in Anterior Pituitary gland, with low levels of ACTH
What occurs in Tertiary Adrenal Insufficiency?
Pathology in the Hypothalamus, with low levels of CRH
What test can be used to diagnose Secondary Adrenal Insufficiency?
Insulin stress test
What test can be used to diagnose Primary Adrenal Insufficiency?
Synthetic ACTH Stimulation Test
What are the symptoms of Hypercortisolism / Cushing’s syndrome?
- Mood face
- Slow wound repair
- Increased risk of fracture
- Buffalo hump
