Endocrine Glands 1: Hypophyse and Epiphyse Flashcards

1
Q

Mode of action for endocrine hormones?

A

produit de sécrétion est libéré directement dans le milieu interstitiel et pénètre directement dans le sang pour être acheminé vers les organes cibles

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2
Q

What are the three large groups of hormones?

A

Les hormones peptidiques

Les hormones stéroïdiennes

Les hormones mono-aminées (acide aminé: la tyrosine

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3
Q

What are the two parts of the hypophyse?

A

L’hypophyse antérieure ou adénohypophyse:
L’hypophyse postérieure ou neurohypophyse:

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4
Q

cellules de l’adénohypophyse sont organisées sous forme de ______________

A

cordons cellulaires

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5
Q

In the anterior hypophyse, all of the hormones are synthesized _______________ and secreted by _______________

A

inside the adenohypophyses
the adenohypophyses itself

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6
Q

What are the Types of cells in the adenohypophyses?

A

Cellules somatotropes
Cellules lactotropes:
cellules cortico-mélano-lipotropes (cortico-tropes):
cellules thyréotropes
cellules gonadotropes

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7
Q

What do Cellules somatotropes release?

A

Hormone de croissance GH

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8
Q

What do Cellules lactotropes: release?

A

prolactin (lait par les glandes mammaire)

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9
Q

What do cellules cortico-mélano-lipotropes (cortico-tropes): release?

A

ACTH (stress hormone; acts on surrénal glands), LPH, MSH

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10
Q

What do cellules thyréotropes release?

A

TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone)

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11
Q

What do cellules gonadotropesrelease?

A

FSH, LH

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12
Q

libérines vs statines

A

In the anterior hypophyse

libérines: Facteur stimulateur

statines: Facteur inhibiteur

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13
Q

3 lobes of the anterior hypophyse and some characteristic

A

Lobe antérieur:
Plus grande
This is what excretes all the hormones

Lobe intermédiaire: thin

Lobe tubéral:
Tissus conjonctif

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14
Q

L’hypophyse postérieure ou _______________

A

neurohypophyse:

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15
Q

What is key difference between neurohypophyse and adenohypophyse?

A

Neurohypophyse
IT DOES NOT SYNTHESYSE HORMONES, ONLY RECEIVES THEM (exam q)

It receives them from hypothalamus:

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16
Q

Two hormones released by neurohypophyse ?

A

vasopressine ou ADH
ocytocine

17
Q

What are the 3 types of cells you would see in the neurohypophyse ?

A

a) Cellules gliales: les pituicytes
(Ils jouent un rôle dans la libération des
neurohormones)
b) Axones amyéliniques: corps de Herring: axon terminal boutons
c) Capillaires fenêtrés

18
Q

What is the molecule secreted by the pineal gland or the Épiphyse?

A

Secretes Melatonin from pineal cells

19
Q

What kind of cells do you excpet to find in the pineal gland?

A

Cellules pinéales

Cellules gliales
(astrocytes, cellules
épendymaires)