DNA Transcription 1: Prokaryotes Flashcards

1
Q

In simple terms, define replication, transcription, traduction

A

Réplication
ADN ADN

Transcription
ADN ARN

Traduction
ARN Protéine

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2
Q

TRUE OR FALSE,

Unlike the DNA Polymerase, L’ARN polymérase synthétise l’ARN de 5’ à 3’

A

False,

DNA Polymerase also synthesizes 5’ 3’

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3
Q

TRUE OR FALSE,
The brin matrice is read 5’ to 3’ and a copy of RNA is creates

A

FALSE
The brin matrice is read 3’ to 5’ and a copy of RNA is creates

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4
Q

What is the difference between RNA and DNA?

A

RNA has a similar structure to DNA but uses ribose as sugar and U instead of T

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5
Q

Complete the sentence:
A cause des interactions entre ses bases L’ARN a une structure

A

RNA can also form primary, secondary and tertiary structures:

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6
Q

Pseudoknot

A

Pseudoknot: Appariement de bases entre deux régions simple-brin de boucles

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7
Q

TRUE OR FALSE,

Unlike the DNA Polymerase, L’ARN polymérase does not require a amorce

A

TRUE
La polymérase nécessite des facteurs protéiques et
des signaux dans l’ADN pour initier et terminer la transcription

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8
Q

Would it be false to say that RNA polymerase is less precise?

A

No it is true,

La transcription n’a pas à être aussi précise que la réplication d’ADN puisque les erreurs ont une durée de vie limitée correspondant à la durée de vie du transcrit

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9
Q

What is hétéroduplex?

A

While DNA is being replicated, We get a region of hybrid RNA DNA formée transitoirement

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10
Q

L’ARN polymérase est recrutée au niveau du ___________ et
est relâchée de l’ADN au niveau d’un _________

A

promoteur
signal de stop (Terminateur)

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11
Q

True or false,

Facteur sigma is an eukaryotic protein that assists in replicaiton commencement.

A

FALSE

ONLY IN PROKARYOTES

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12
Q

Location of two key promoters in prokaryotes:

A

Two key promoter regions: -10 and -35

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13
Q

Les facteurs _________ chez les procaryotes s’associent à la
polymérase pour former _____________.

A

sigma
le complexe d’initiation de la transcription

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14
Q

TRUE or FALSE,

Facteur sigma stays with the polymerase throughout transcription

A

FALSE
Le facteur sigma (s) est relâché quelques 10 nucléotides après initiation de la transcription

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15
Q

Name two key promoters in prokaryotes:

A

-10 TATA Box
-35 TTGACAT (less important)

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16
Q

Le facteur sigma chez les procaryotes s’associent à la polymérase pour former ______________ de la transcription _______ lier au promoteur

A

le complexe d’initiation
avant de se

17
Q

What is Séquence consensus des promoteurs? What does this mean in terms of affinity?

A

séquence idéal obtenue pas analyse statistique des fréquences des
bases à chaque position

The more similar the promoter region os to this sequence, the higher affinity for the sigma factor = stronger promoter = more proteins

18
Q

What is ‘hairpin loop’ ?

A

Stop sequence rich in G-C-G-C-G-C

La séquence d’ARN transcrite du signal de terminaison (stop) permet la formation d’une tige-boucle (hairpin, épingle à cheveux) qui
crée une contrainte (strain) au niveau du complexe de l’ARN polymérase

Cela favorise le détachement de l’ARN polymérase