Endocrine CCRN

Question 1

Adrenal cortex produces _______and ________

Answer 1

Glucocoricoids and androgens

Question 2

Adrenal glands lie retroperitoneally where? ________ and have how many divisions _____ which are _______ and _________

Answer 2

apex of each kidney; 2; cortex and medulla

Question 3

What are the 3 hormones that the adrenal cortex secretes (GMA)

Answer 3

Glucocorticoids; mineralcorticoids; and androgens

Question 4

What are the 3 hormones that the medulla cortex secretes (CEN)

Answer 4

Catecholamines, Epinephrine, Norepinephrine

Question 5

_______secretions secreted by the pancreas are TAL-EX

Answer 5

Exocrine; Trypsin; Amylase; lipase

Question 6

_______secretions secreted by the pancreas are PIGS–EN

Answer 6

Endocrine. Polypeptides; insulin; Glucagon; somastatin

Question 7

A by product of the breakdown of hemoglobin _________ and is excreted in urine and feces

Answer 7

bilirubin

Question 8

The strip of tissue that connect the right and left lobe of the thyroid gland is called

Answer 8

isthmus.

Question 9

There are two cells of the thyroid glands _______ and _______ and they produces in total 3 hormones. The first one ________ cells produces ____ and _____ and the second one ________produces the hormone ________

Answer 9

Follicular; parafollicular; Follicular; T3 (triiodothyronine) and T4 (thyroxine) parafollicular; calcitonin

Question 10

T__ constitubes 90 % of the thyroid hormones secreted and T_ is 10% of the thyroid hormones secreted and binds to plasma proteins for transport

Answer 10

T4; T3

Question 11

Which hormone is 4 times more potent than the other, T3 or T4

Answer 11

T3

Question 12

Calcitonin would reduce serum_____and increases urine; _______ and _______

Answer 12

Calcium ; Phosphate: Sodium and magnesium .

Question 13

Rebound hyperglycemia caused by release of _________hormones in response to ______-induced hypoglycemia its called the_________ effect.

Answer 13

Stress; insulin-induced; Somogyi

Question 14

What is the somogyi effect or phenomenon?

Answer 14

When insulin causes a high blood glucose level in the morning

Question 15

The somogyi effect is caused by the release of stress hormones which are _____ , _______, and ________

Answer 15

Cortisol; ACTH; Adrenaline.

Question 16

The somogyi effects is caused by 3

Answer 16

• excessive ill-time insulin
• missed meals or snacks
• Inadvertent insulin administration

Question 17

Unrecognized posthypoglycemic hyperglycemia can caused declining ______ and ________

Answer 17

metabolic control and hypoglycemic complications.

Question 18

DI is caused by decreased amount of effect of which hormone?

Answer 18

ADH

Question 19

Without the effect of ADH hormone, what happens?

Answer 19

massive diuresis

Question 20

Because ADH hormone causes _______retention, but not the retention of ______

Answer 20

water; sodium

Question 21

In DI, urine sodium is ______and urine specific gravity is _____and serum osmolality and serum sodium is ______

Answer 21

low; low; high;

Question 22

In DI, sodium concentrates in the ________so there is _______and __________

Answer 22

blood; hypernatremia; hyperosmolarity

Question 23

ADH causes water retention in the

Answer 23

renal tubules

Question 24

The cause of hypernatremia in DI is __________

Answer 24

Water loss

Question 25

What is osmolality?

Answer 25

solutes in solution

Question 26

When urine osmolality is decreased, serum osmolality is _______

Answer 26

increased

Question 27

SIADH is due to an increase in the amount or effect of

Answer 27

ADH

Question 28

Contrary DI, in SIADH, serum sodium is _____

Answer 28

low

Question 29

In SIADH, urine specific gravity is ___and serum osmolality is _________

Answer 29

high; low

Question 30

SIADH leads to water ____________

Answer 30

water retention

Question 31

2 Most serious adverse effect of metformin is

Answer 31

Lactic acidosis; rhabdomyolosis

Question 32

Lab values indicative of Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS)

Answer 32

Serum osmolarity >350 mOsm/L