Endocrine and Nervous System Flashcards
What is the endocrine system
Glands which release chemicals directly into the bloodstream
What are the glands in the endocrine system
Pituitary gland Parathyroid Thyroid Adrenal gland Pancreas Ovary Testes
What does the endocrine system consist of
Glands and hormones
What are hormones
Chemicals that travel through the bloodstream and affect the activities if cells in other parts of the body.
How do hormones travel
Through the bloodstream
What does the thyroid do
Regulates the bodies metabolism.
What does the pituitary gland do?
Regulates many body functions. Releases oxytocin and controls growth and development.
What does the adrenal gland do?
Releases adrenaline that helps us prepare for stress. Fight or flight. Regulates kidney function.
What do ovaries do?
Secrete oestrogen and progesterone.
What do testes do?
Secrete testosterone which gives masculine characteristics.
What does the thymus do?
Secretes thyroxine and produces white blood cells
What does the pancreas do?
Produces insulin which helps to keep the level of glucose in the blood stable.
What does the parathyroid do?
Produces parathormone.
What is a reflex?
Involuntary response that is processed in the spinal cord not the brain.
What is the name given to a message that travels around the body in a nerve
Impulse
What are some examples of a reflex
Blink reflex, when something is coming towards you and you blink.
Sneeze reflex
Withdraw reflex- Bicep contraction when touching something hot.
What is the difference between a reflex action and a conditioned response?
A conditioned response is when the nerves reach the brain whereas a reflex is when the action is only processed by the spine.
What is the order of transmission in the nervous system
Receptor sensory neuron interneuron motor neuron effecter
What organs are in the CNS
Brain
Spine
What is the peripheral nervous system
Nerves in other parts of your body
What does the cerebrum do?
Voluntary or conscious activities. E.g Learning, judgement
What does the cerebellum do?
Co-ordinates and balances the actions of muscles.
What lobes are there?
Frontal
Occipital
Temporal
Parietal
What does the frontal lobe do?
Decision making, emotions and personality
What does the occpital lobe do?
processes visual info
what does the temporal lobe do?
Sound, speech and visual memory
What does the parietal lobe do?
Co-ordinates sensory info, shape and number recognition
What is homoeostasis?
Keeping a constant environment inside the body.
What is feedback?
The modification or control of a process or system by its effects.
What is negative feedback?
A process in which many of the bodies functions are kept at the right level
What is disease?
A pathological disorder of structure or function in a human, animal, or plant,
What is a pathogen?
A disease causing organism. E.g bacteria
What are 3 types of diseases?
Environmental
Genetic
Infections
What causes an environmental disease?
A factor during your lifetime. E,g Smoking, drinking
What causes a genetic disease?
A faulty gene
What causes an infectious disease?
A pathogen
