Endocrine and cardiac labs Flashcards
Random blood glucose test
Taken during non fast
usually for insulin dose monitoring
Critical if <2.6 or >24.9
Fasting blood glucose test
no food for 8 hours before and done in the morning
should be <7mmol/L
Oral glucose tolerance test
2 hours after 75g glucose load
to test insulin response
<11.1 or 7.8
Hemoglobin A1C test
Looks at average glucose level for 3 months
<7% (differs for each patient)
TRH test
thyrotropin releasing hormone isn’t released systemically so can’t be measured
TSH test
checks circulating hormone 0.2-4 mU/L
T4 test
99.9% protein bound and only used for thyroid diagnosis not monitoring
T3 test
99.6% protein bound, used of monitoring of thyroid levels
Thyroid level interference
some drugs can effect function and levels (lithium, steroids, oral contraceptives, carbamazepine)
Cortisol issues
Hard to measure with diurnal increase and drop, also levels change per city and population. Stress or injury and also change levels
ACTH test
adrenocorticotropic hormone
should be 1.6-3.9 in Edmonton
Cortisol Test
measured usually in the morning in the blood or urine
adrenal insufficiency
weakness, fatigues, weight loss, hypoglycaemia
adrenal excess
weight fain, redistribution of fat, hypertension, hair growth
Addisons disease
Too much ACTH, and little cortisol (adrenals can’t produce)
Cushing disease
pituitary ademoma releases ACTH and stimulates lots of cortisol
Cushings syndrome
adrenal adenoma
low ACTH and high cortisol
Or drug induced therefore decreased ACTH and cortisol
Cholesterol test
Measures total cholesterol in all lipoprotein types
>5.2mmol/L
HDL test
check for healthy fats
Apoprotein B
> 1.05
Non-HDL test
Total cholesterol- HDL
LDL test
has estimation formula
Troponin 1 test
Looks for heart enzymes and therefore damage
<18 ng/L
Troponin T test
Looks for heart enzymes and therefore damage
<14 ng/L
