ENDOCRINE

Question 1

4th pharyngeal pouch – what structures?

Answer 1

Superior parathyroid

Thyroid

Question 2

3rd pharyngeal pouch - what structures?

Answer 2

Inferior parathyroid

Thymus

Question 3

Glucagon release is inhibited by what 3 things

Answer 3

Somatostatin
Insulin
High blood glucose

Question 4

What converts tyrosine to L-dihydroxyphenylalanine (dopa)

Answer 4

tyrosine hydroxylase

Question 5

What converts trope to dopamine

Answer 5

Aromatic-L-amino acid decarboxylase

Question 6

What converts dopamine to NE

Answer 6

Dopamine beta hydroxylase

Question 7

What does 21 hydroxylase do

Answer 7

Catalyzes hydroxylation of 17 hydroxyprogesterone to 11 deoxycortisol

Question 8

Gene responsible for MEN 1

Answer 8

Tumor suppressor gene, MENIN (clever). Located on chromosome 11q13.

Question 9

Gene responsible for MEN II

Answer 9

RET proto oncogene

Question 10

Most common neuro endocrine tumor in MEN 1

Answer 10

Gastrinoma

Question 11

Malignancy rate of insuloinoma

Answer 11

10%

Question 12

Malignancy rate of VIPoma

Answer 12

50%

Question 13

Malignancy rate of gastrinoma

Answer 13

70%

Question 14

Malignancy rate of somatostatinoma

Answer 14

90%

Question 15

Malignancy rate of glucagonoma

Answer 15

90%

Question 16

What is Whipples triad

Answer 16

sx of hypoglycemia and low blood glucose <60 and relief of sx after IV administration of glucose

Question 17

How is Cushings syndrome lethal

Answer 17

Cardiovascular complications – 5x risk of mortality in this population