Endocrine Flashcards
How is insulin normally administered?
Subcutaneously
What does insulin do?
It increases transport of glucose into cells, decreasing glucose in blood.
What’s the best treatment of mild hypoglycaemia?
Oral intake of glucose.
What is indicated in severe hypoglycaemia?
Glucagon and IV glucose.
What is the dose of glucagon for adults?
1mg
What is the cause of DKA?
It is due to a lack of insulin and lots of fat being degraded to ketones.
What drugs are used in status epileptic?
Benzodiazepines.
What’s the mechanism of benzodiazepines?
They increase GABA activity.
What are the routes of administration for diazepam?
IO, IV and Rectal.
What are the side effects of diazepam?
Drowsiness, headache, hypotension.
What are the treatments of hypovalemic shock?
IV fluids, Blood transfusion, and TXA.
What is the mechanism of TXA?
Antifibrinolytic agent.
What is the dose of TXA?
1g
What is first line treatment in anaphylaxis?
Adrenaline.
How is adrenaline administered?
IM.
What other drugs can be used in anaphylaxis?
Antihistamines (Chlorphenamine), IV Steroids (Hydrocortisone), Bronchodilator (Salbutamol).
