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NCLEX > Endocrine > Flashcards

Endocrine Flashcards

1
Q

Hormone responsible for Sleep and Wake

A

Melatonin

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2
Q

Na + H2O Retention

A

ACTH

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3
Q

Activated during Stress

A

Adrenaline

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4
Q

Development + Maturation of the Ovum

A

FSH

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5
Q

What is the DOC for Addison’s Disease?

A

Steroids, Prednisone, Hydrocorticoids

Addison’s Disease is characterized by insufficient production of steroid hormones, and these medications are crucial for hormone replacement.

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6
Q

What is the DOC for Hyperthyroidism?

A
  • Tapazole
  • methimazole
  • Beta Blockers
  • Radioactive iodine-131

These treatments help manage hyperthyroidism by reducing hormone production or blocking its effects.

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7
Q

What type of thyroidectomy is used for patients with Hyperthyroidism?

A

Subtotal thyroidectomy

This procedure removes a significant portion of the thyroid gland to reduce hormone production.

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8
Q

What type of thyroidectomy is indicated for Thyroid Cancer?

A

Total thyroidectomy

A total thyroidectomy involves the complete removal of the thyroid gland to eliminate cancerous cells.

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9
Q

What is the best way to assess bleeding after a thyroidectomy?

A

Slide your fingers behind the neck

This technique allows for direct assessment of potential bleeding in the surgical area.

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10
Q

What is the best way to assess bleeding after a tonsillectomy?

A

Assess for frequent swallowing

Frequent swallowing may indicate bleeding as the patient attempts to clear blood from the throat.

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11
Q

What is considered normal after a thyroidectomy?

A

Temporary hoarseness

Temporary hoarseness may occur due to irritation or damage to the vocal cords during surgery.

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12
Q

What is the most common cause of Graves’ Disease?

A

Autoimmune

Graves’ Disease is an autoimmune disorder that leads to overactivity of the thyroid gland.

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13
Q

Hyperthyroidism is more common in which gender?

A

Women

Studies show that hyperthyroidism is significantly more prevalent among females.

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14
Q

What type of Hypothyroidism is due to a pathological cause?

A

Primary Hypothyroidism

This type occurs when the thyroid gland itself is not functioning properly.

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15
Q

What type of Hypothyroidism results from failure of the Anterior Pituitary Gland to produce adequate TSH?

A

Secondary Hypothyroidism

Secondary hypothyroidism is due to insufficient stimulation of the thyroid by TSH from the pituitary.

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16
Q

What hormone stimulates the ovary to produce the ovum?

A

LH

LH stands for Luteinizing Hormone, which plays a crucial role in the reproductive system.

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17
Q

What is responsible for absorbing calcium in the bone?

A

Calcitonin

Calcitonin is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland that helps regulate calcium levels.

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18
Q

Which hormone absorbs calcium in the blood?

A

Parathormone

Parathormone, also known as parathyroid hormone (PTH), increases blood calcium levels.

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19
Q

What stimulates the thyroid gland to produce T3?

A

TSH

TSH stands for Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone, which is essential for thyroid function.

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20
Q

What is the disorder characterized by a benign tumor in the adrenal medulla?

A

Pheochromocytoma

Pheochromocytoma is a rare tumor that can affect hormone production, particularly catecholamines.

21
Q

What disorder is caused by adenoma of the pituitary?

A

Cushing Syndrome

Cushing Syndrome is associated with excessive cortisol production often due to pituitary adenomas.

22
Q

What disorder is caused by PT.B?

A

Addison’s Disease

Addison’s Disease results from insufficient production of certain hormones by the adrenal glands.

23
Q

What disorder is associated with hypercalcemia?

A

Hyperparathyroidism

Hyperparathyroidism leads to elevated calcium levels in the blood due to overactivity of the parathyroid glands.

24
Q

Which substances are associated with hypoparathyroidism?

A

Calcium Gluconate, Amphogel

These substances are used to manage low calcium levels in patients with hypoparathyroidism.

25
Q

What is metracin associated with?

A

Hyperparathyroidism

Metracin is a medication that may be used in the context of managing hyperparathyroidism.

26
Q

What is the drug of choice (DOC) for pheochromocytoma?

A

Beta Blocker, Calcium Channel Blockers

These medications help control symptoms by managing blood pressure and heart rate.

27
Q

What is the drug of choice (DOC) for Cushing syndrome?

A

Mitotane

Mitotane is used to treat Cushing syndrome by inhibiting adrenal steroid production.

28
Q

What percentage of body fluids is found in males?

A

60%

Male body fluids are represented by the letter ‘L’ in the mnemonic.

29
Q

What percentage of body fluids is found in females?

A

50%

Female body fluids are represented by the number of letters in the word ‘Babae’.

30
Q

What percentage of body fluids is found in infants?

A

80%

Infant body fluids are represented by the repeated word ‘Bata’.

31
Q

Who is at the highest risk for dehydration?

A

Infants

Infants are the most prone to dehydration.

32
Q

In what sequence should hydration occur?

A

Infant, male, female

This sequence prioritizes those at highest risk.

33
Q

What is the first sign of dehydration among the elderly?

A

Constipation

This is due to the delayed response of the thirst regulating center.

34
Q

Why are older clients at high risk for dehydration?

A

Delayed response of thirst regulating center

This physiological change makes them more susceptible.

35
Q

Fill in the blank: The body fluid percentage of infants is _______.

A

80%

Infants have the highest percentage of body fluids.

36
Q

Fill in the blank: The body fluid percentage of females is _______.

A

50%

Females have a lower percentage of body fluids compared to males and infants.

37
Q

Fill in the blank: The first sign of dehydration in the elderly is _______.

A

Constipation

This symptom should prompt further investigation for dehydration.

38
Q

What is the definition of intravascular fluid?

A

Fluid of the blood vessel

Intravascular fluid is part of the body’s fluid compartments.

39
Q

What percentage of fluid is found in the extracellular space?

A

30% fluid

This refers to the fluid outside of cells.

40
Q

What is plasma?

A

Liquid portion of the blood

Plasma is where RBC, WBC, and platelets are suspended.

41
Q

What are the components found in plasma?

A
  • RBC (Red Blood Cells)
  • WBC (White Blood Cells)
  • Platelets

These components circulate within the plasma.

42
Q

What does extracellular fluid refer to?

A

Fluid outside the cell

This includes interstitial fluid and plasma.

43
Q

What is intracellular fluid?

A

Fluid inside the cell

This fluid is essential for cellular processes.

44
Q

What does interstitial fluid refer to?

A

Fluid in between the cells

This fluid helps in the exchange of substances between blood and cells.

45
Q

What is the significance of the 30% fluid in blood vessels?

A

It serves as the river of fluids used by organs and cells

The blood vessels utilize this fluid for various physiological functions.

46
Q

Fill in the blank: The blood vessel has ______ of fluids.

A

30%

This is crucial for understanding fluid distribution in the body.

47
Q

Fill in the blank: The fluids used by the organ and cell must account for ______.

A

70%

This indicates that the majority of body fluids are utilized by cells and organs.

48
Q

Hashimoto’s Disease

A

Hypothyroidism

49
Q

Graves Disease

A

Hyperthyroidism

NCLEX (10 decks)

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