Endocrine Flashcards
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) targets the_________.
kidneys
Glucagon increases blood glucose concentration and insulin decreases it. This is an example of_________.
the antagonistic effect
Growth hormone (GH) hypersecretion causes gigantism when it begins in childhood, but it is more likely to cause_________ when it begins in adulthood.
acromegaly
Hormones serve as intracellular messengers.
True or False
False
Parathyroid hormone promotes which of the following?
- The resorption of calcium from bone
- Increased calcium levels in the urine
- Decreased production of calcitriol (vitamin D) in the kidney
- Decreased absorption of calcium from the small intestine
- Increased osteoblast activity
The resorption of calcium from bone
Testosterone is a gonadotropin.
True or False
False
The anterior pituitary is_________ the posterior pituitary and has_________ connection to the hypothalamus.
larger than; a neuronal
The hormone called_________ plays an important role in synchronizing physiological function with the cycle of daylight and darkness.
melatonin
The hypophyseal portal system connects the_________ with the_________.
anterior pituitary; hypothalamus
The infundibulum is a_________.
projection of the hypothalamus from which the pituitary gland hangs
The posterior pituitary releases_________.
oxytocin (OT)
The zona fasciculata in the adrenal gland secretes_________.
cortisol
The_________ can be found as part of the epithalamus, near the superior colliculi of the midbrain.
pineal
The_________ is not an endocrine gland, but it has a role in endocrine function.
kidney
The_________ secrete(s) a hormone as a response to hypocalcemia.
parathyroid
The_________ secrete(s)_________, which promotes image and water retention.
adrenal cortex; aldosterone
The_________ secretes a hormone that increases the body’s metabolic rate, promotes alertness, quickens reflexes, and stimulates the fetal nervous system.
thyroid gland
The_________ secretes growth hormone, which is also known as somatotropin.
anterior pituitary
The_________ secretes several hormones that stimulate the development of lymphatic organs and regulates development and activity of T cells.
thymus
What is the abbreviation for the hormone also known as vasopressin?
ADH
What makes a cell responsive to a particular hormone?
The presence of a receptor for that particular hormone
Which of the following best describes a hormone?
A chemical messenger transported by the bloodstream that stimulates target cells in another organ often a good distance away.
Which of the following is not a hypothalamic hormone?
Luteinizing hormone (LH)
Which of the following is not an endocrine organ?
Spleen
Which of the following is true regarding cortisol?
It promotes breakdown of fat and protein.
Which of the following is true regarding endocrine glands?
They release their secretions into the blood.
