Endocrine

Question 1

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) targets the_________.

Answer 1

kidneys

Question 2

Glucagon increases blood glucose concentration and insulin decreases it. This is an example of_________.

Answer 2

the antagonistic effect

Question 3

Growth hormone (GH) hypersecretion causes gigantism when it begins in childhood, but it is more likely to cause_________ when it begins in adulthood.

Answer 3

acromegaly

Question 4

Hormones serve as intracellular messengers.
True or False

Answer 4

False

Question 5

Parathyroid hormone promotes which of the following?
- The resorption of calcium from bone
- Increased calcium levels in the urine
- Decreased production of calcitriol (vitamin D) in the kidney
- Decreased absorption of calcium from the small intestine
- Increased osteoblast activity

Answer 5

The resorption of calcium from bone

Question 6

Testosterone is a gonadotropin.
True or False

Answer 6

False

Question 7

The anterior pituitary is_________ the posterior pituitary and has_________ connection to the hypothalamus.

Answer 7

larger than; a neuronal

Question 8

The hormone called_________ plays an important role in synchronizing physiological function with the cycle of daylight and darkness.

Answer 8

melatonin

Question 9

The hypophyseal portal system connects the_________ with the_________.

Answer 9

anterior pituitary; hypothalamus

Question 10

The infundibulum is a_________.

Answer 10

projection of the hypothalamus from which the pituitary gland hangs

Question 11

The posterior pituitary releases_________.

Answer 11

oxytocin (OT)

Question 12

The zona fasciculata in the adrenal gland secretes_________.

Answer 12

cortisol

Question 13

The_________ can be found as part of the epithalamus, near the superior colliculi of the midbrain.

Answer 13

pineal

Question 14

The_________ is not an endocrine gland, but it has a role in endocrine function.

Answer 14

kidney

Question 15

The_________ secrete(s) a hormone as a response to hypocalcemia.

Answer 15

parathyroid

Question 16

The_________ secrete(s)_________, which promotes image and water retention.

Answer 16

adrenal cortex; aldosterone

Question 17

The_________ secretes a hormone that increases the body’s metabolic rate, promotes alertness, quickens reflexes, and stimulates the fetal nervous system.

Answer 17

thyroid gland

Question 18

The_________ secretes growth hormone, which is also known as somatotropin.

Answer 18

anterior pituitary

Question 19

The_________ secretes several hormones that stimulate the development of lymphatic organs and regulates development and activity of T cells.

Answer 19

thymus

Question 20

What is the abbreviation for the hormone also known as vasopressin?

Answer 20

ADH

Question 21

What makes a cell responsive to a particular hormone?

Answer 21

The presence of a receptor for that particular hormone

Question 22

Which of the following best describes a hormone?

Answer 22

A chemical messenger transported by the bloodstream that stimulates target cells in another organ often a good distance away.

Question 23

Which of the following is not a hypothalamic hormone?

Answer 23

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Question 24

Which of the following is not an endocrine organ?

Answer 24

Spleen

Question 25

Which of the following is true regarding cortisol?

Answer 25

It promotes breakdown of fat and protein.

Question 26

Which of the following is true regarding endocrine glands?

Answer 26

They release their secretions into the blood.