Chapter 14

Question 1

A patient is experiencing a high fever, stiff neck, drowsiness, and intense headaches. A spinal tap showed bacteria and white blood cells in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). This individual most likely has what condition?

Answer 1

Meningitis

Question 2

A predominance of which waves in an electroencephalogram (EEG) might indicate that a person is physically and mentally relaxed?

Answer 2

Alpha

Question 3

After a stroke, a patient complains about a lack of sensitivity in their right hand. The stroke most likely affected which part of their brain?

Answer 3

Postcentral gyrus in the left parietal lobe

Question 4

Both cerebrum and cerebellum have gray matter in their surface cortex and deeper nuclei, and white matter deep to the cortex.
True or False

Answer 4

True

Question 5

Cerebrospinal fluid is secreted by choroid plexuses in the ventricles and reabsorbed by arachnoid granulations in the_________.

Answer 5

superior sagittal sinus

Question 6

Degeneration of the neurons in which of the following structures leads to the muscle tremors associated with Parkinson disease?

Answer 6

Substantia nigra

Question 7

Destruction of the amygdala would mostly affect which of the following?

Answer 7

Expression of emotional feelings

Question 8

From superficial to deep, the meninges occur in which order?

Answer 8

Dura mater, arachnoid, pia mater

Question 9

In which structure is the arbor vitae found?

Answer 9

Cerebellum

Question 10

Injury to the reticular formation can result in which of the following?

Answer 10

Irreversible coma

Question 11

Loss of equilibrium and motor coordination would most likely be related to a lesion in which structure?

Answer 11

Cerebellum

Question 12

Nearly all the somatosensory input to the cerebrum passes by way of synapses in which region of the brain?

Answer 12

Thalamus

Question 13

Nonfluent aphasia, due to a lesion in the_________, results in slow speech, difficulty in choosing words, or use of words that only approximate the correct word.

Answer 13

Broca area

Question 14

Planning, motivation, and social judgment are functions of the brain associated with which part of the cerebrum?

Answer 14

Frontal lobe

Question 15

Sex drive, body temperature, and food and water intake are regulated by which part of the brain?

Answer 15

Hypothalamus

Question 16

Short-term memory is associated with the_________, whereas long-term memory is associated with the_________.

Answer 16

cerebral cortex; hippocampus

Question 17

The amygdala, hippocampus, and hypothalamus are involved in such feelings as love, anger, fear, pleasure, and pain.
True or False

Answer 17

True

Question 18

The blood-CSF barrier is composed of dense regular connective tissue lining the ventricles.
True or False

Answer 18

False

Question 19

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) helps prevent hemorrhages in the nervous tissue of the brain.
True or False

Answer 19

False

Question 20

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is most permeable to which of the following?

Answer 20

Glucose and oxygen

Question 21

The cerebellum is the largest part of the brain.
True or False

Answer 21

False

Question 22

he cerebellum is_________ to the cerebrum.

Answer 22

posterior

Question 23

The cerebrum exhibits folds called gyri separated by grooves called sulci.

True or False

Answer 23

True

Question 24

The epidural space is filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
True or False

Answer 24

False

Question 25

The forebrain consists of the cerebrum and the diencephalon. True False

Answer 25

True

Question 26

The gray matter of the cerebrum forms a surface layer called the_________ and deeper masses called_________ surrounded by white matter.

Answer 26

cortex; nuclei

Question 27

The medulla oblongata originates from which structure?

Answer 27

Myelencephalon

Question 28

The pons and cerebellum arise from which secondary embryonic vesicle?

Answer 28

Metencephalon

Question 29

The right and left cerebral hemispheres are separated from each other by_________.

Answer 29

the longitudinal fissure

Question 30

The thalamus, hypothalamus, and epithalamus are derivatives of which embryonic structure?

Answer 30

Diencephalon

Question 31

The_________ is responsible for awareness of general sensation (e.g., touch), and the_________ is responsible for making cognitive sense of it.

Answer 31

primary somatosensory cortex; somatosensory association area

Question 32

There are no cranial nerves associated with which part of the brain?

Answer 32

Thalamus

Question 33

What is the largest of the cranial nerves and the most important sensory nerve of the face?

Answer 33

trigeminal nerve (V)

Question 34

What is the largest part of the hindbrain?

Answer 34

Cerebellum

Question 35

What is the most posterior component of the brainstem?

Answer 35

Medulla oblongata

Question 36

What type of brain wave is dominant when a person is awake and resting with closed eyes?

Answer 36

Alpha waves

Question 37

Where are the cardiac, vasomotor, and respiratory centers found?

Answer 37

Medulla oblongata

Question 38

Where are the hippocampus and amygdala found?

Answer 38

Limbic system

Question 39

Where is the third ventricle located?

Answer 39

Diencephalon

Question 40

Which cranial nerve innervates most of the viscera in the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities?

Answer 40

Vagus nerve (X)

Question 41

Which cranial nerve pathway would be used to look cross-eyed at the tip of your nose?

Answer 41

Abducens

Question 42

Which of the following is correct regarding the occipital lobe?

Answer 42

It is the principal visual center of the brain

Question 43

Which of the following is not a function of CSF?

Answer 43

To provide oxygen and nutrients to the nervous tissue

Question 44

Which of the following is not a motor cranial nerve?

Answer 44

Vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII)

Question 45

Which of the following occurs during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep?

Answer 45

The muscles are paralyzed, and body temperature, blood pressure, and heart rate and respiratory rate increase.

Question 46

Which of the following structures appears as a large bulge just rostral to the medulla?

Answer 46

Pons

Question 47

Which structures create the blood brain barrier (BBB)?

Answer 47

tight junctions between endothelial cells that form the capillary walls

Question 47

Which of the following structures does not contain CSF?

Answer 47

Dural sinus