Endocrine

Question 1

What 3 factors affect serum osmolarity, according to the equation?

Answer 1

BUN, glucose and sodium

Question 2

When you have too much ADH (SIADH) you retain water, which leads to what to your urine output, serum sodium and osmolarity?

Answer 2

Decreased serum sodium (dilutional hyponatremia) **cardinal sign

Decreased urinary output

Decreased osmolarity (hypo-osmolarity)

Question 3

What are thr 3 most common causes of SIADH?

Answer 3

Oat cell carcinoma
Viral pneumonia
Head injury

Question 4

What is the treatment for SIADH?

Answer 4

Treat the cause
Fluid restriction
3% (generally reserved for Na less than 120
Administer Dilantin (Phenytoin) which inhibits the secretions of ADH
No free water or hypotonics

Question 5

In Diabetes Insipidus, you do not have enough ADH, thus making you lose water. What happens to your serum sodium, urine output and osmolarity?

Answer 5

They all increase

Question 6

What is the specific gravity of urine for a patient in DI?

Answer 6

It’s low 1.001-1.005