Endocrine

Question 1

What is the test to confirm cushings syndrome?

Answer 1

Overnight dexamethasone supression test

Question 2

Causes of type 1 renal tubular acidosis?

Answer 2

Rheumatoid arthritis, SLE, sjogrens, amphotericin B, analgesic nephropathy

Question 3

Causes of type 2 renal tubular acidosis?

Answer 3

Fanconi syndrome, wilsons disease, cystinosis, carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (acetazolamide)

Question 4

Causes of type 4 renal tubular acidosis?

Answer 4

Hypoaldosteronism, diabetes

Question 5

First line investigation for primary hyperaldosteronism?

Answer 5

Aldosterone/renin ratio

Question 6

What will the aldosterone/renin ratio show in primary hyperaldosteronism?

Answer 6

High aldosterone and low renin

Question 7

Management of bilateral adrenal hyperplasia

Answer 7

Spironolactone

Question 8

MEN 1

Answer 8

Parathyroid
Pituitary
Pancreas (insulinoma, gastinoma)

Also adrenal and thyroid

Question 9

MEN 2a

Answer 9

Medullary thyroid cancer
Parathyroid
Phaeichromocytoma

Question 10

MED 2b

Answer 10

Medullary thyroid cancer

Phaeochromocytoma

Question 11

Most common type of thyroid cancer

Answer 11

Papillary

Question 12

Treatment of acromegaly

Answer 12

1. Surgery
2. Somatostatin analogus eg octreotide
3. Pegvisomant (GH receptor antagonist)
   4, Bromocriptine

Question 13

Test for phaeochromocytoma

Answer 13

24 urine metanephrines

Question 14

Management of phaemochromocytoma

Answer 14

Surgery is the definitive managment but the patient must be stablised with an alpha blocker (phenoxybenzamine) and then a beta blocker

Question 15

Causes of hypokalaemia with hypertension

Answer 15

Cushings syndrome
Conns syndrome
Liddles syndrome
11 beta hydroxylase deficiency

Question 16

Causes of hypokalaemia with normotensions

Answer 16

Diuretics 
GI loss
Renal tubular acidosis (type 1 and 2) 
Barterr syndrome 
Gitelman syndrome