Endocrine

Question 0

What is the most common cause of death in DM patients?

Answer 0

Cardiovascular disease

Question 1

DM retinopathy appears after how many years of being diabetic?

Answer 1

DM for 3-5 years

Question 2

What is the Somogyi effect?

Answer 2

Nocturnal hypoglycemia then hyperglycemia in the morning

Question 3

What is the most common cause of hypothyroidism?

Answer 3

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

Presence of anti-TPO antibodies

Question 4

What is the most common cause of pathologic fractures?

Answer 4

Osteoporosis

> 2.5 SD from normal

Question 5

Bone pain is mostly associated with which condition?

Answer 5

Osteomalacia

Question 6

Mosaic bone pattern is seen in which condition?

Answer 6

Paget’s disease of the bone

Question 7

What is the most common functioning primary tumor?

Answer 7

Prolactinoma

Question 8

How is SIADH is managed?

Answer 8

Fluid restriction
Demeclocycline (ADH antagonist)
Tolvaptan (vaspressin agonist)

Question 9

Definition of Wolff-Chaikoff effect?

Answer 9

High levels of iodine inhibits organification, inhibiting the synthesis of thyroid hormones