Endo 2

Question 1

what is hyperpituitarism

Answer 1

symptoms associated with excess production of adenohypophysial hormone
usually due to:
1. pituitary tumours
2.ectopic tumour

Question 2

how does pituitary tumour affect vision

Answer 2

it suppresses optic chiasma from below and cause bitemporal hemianopia (loss of vision from outer temporal visual fields)

Question 3

excess SCTH cause?

Answer 3

cushing’s disease

Question 4

excess TSH cause?

Answer 4

thyrotoxicosis

Question 5

excess LH FSH cause?

Answer 5

precocious puberty in children

Question 6

excess prolactin cause?

Answer 6

hyperprolactinaemia

Question 7

excess GH cause?

Answer 7

gigantism (children)

acromegaly (adults)

Question 8

Is prolactinoma a microadnemoa is it’s smaller than 10mm in diameter

Answer 8

yes

Question 9

what is prolactinoma

Answer 9

a pituitary adenoma which cause excess secretion of prolactin, which suppresses GnRH sulsatility ==> no FSH LH

Question 10

what receptor does lactotroph present

Answer 10

dopamine D2 receptor

Question 11

give 2 examples of dopamine receptor agonists

Answer 11

bromocriptine

cabergoline

Question 12

give 5 side effects of dopamine receptor agonists

Answer 12

nausea and vomiting
postural hypotension
dyskinesia ==> impairment of voluntary movement
depression
pathological gambling ==> impulse control disorder

Question 13

how do you diagnose acromegaly

Answer 13

GH, IGF1 level test

paradoxical rise of GH after intake of oral glucose

Question 14

what are the complications of acromegaly

Answer 14

obstructive sleep apnoea
hypertension
cardiomyopathy
increased risk of cancer

Question 15

list drugs for acromegaly

Answer 15

somatostatin analogues: octreotide (endocrine cyanide)

dopamine agonists: cabergoline