End-stage renal disease Flashcards
1
Q
Kidney physiology function (3)
A
- Filters 1700L of blood/day
- Process 1.5L urine/day
- Maintain homeostasis
2
Q
Nephron
A
Funtional unit of kidney
3
Q
Glomerulus
A
Primary site of the filtration process
4
Q
Kidney function 6
A
- Regulates body fluids
- Eliminates metabolic waste
- Regulate osmolality of the ECF via action of ADH
- Regulate BP through the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone
- Activates vit D, Regulates calcium and phosphate
- Production of RBC’s
5
Q
Glomerular Filtration Rate norms (GFR) ml/min
A
Males: 97-137
Females: 88-128
6
Q
GFR deteriorates in CKD (5 stages)
A
- more than 90 ml/min GFR with kidney damage
- 60-89 ml/min
- 30-59 ml/min
- 15-29 ml/min - pre dialysis
- less than 15 ml/min
7
Q
End stage renal disease requires…
A
Dialysis
Kidney function is inadequate to sustain life.
8
Q
Primary causes (8)
A
- Diabetes
- Hypertension
- Glomerulonephritis
- Polycystic Kidney disease
- IgA nephropathy
- Lupus
- Analgesic abuse
- AIDS and cancer
9
Q
Kidney malfunction
A
Metabolic acidosis hypertension Left ventricular hypertrophy Anaemia Peripheral neuropathy Muscle weakness Autonomic dysfunction Elevated tri glycerides
10
Q
Clinical manifestations
A
Jaundice-yellowing Portal hypertension hepatic encephalopathy Oedema Fatigue muscle atrophy anaemia
11
Q
Hemodialysis lowers
A
physiological health
functional health
psychological health
12
Q
Physiological effect of KD
A
Muscle wasting
13
Q
Effects of exercise training (7)
A
- increase exercise capacity
- increase VO2 peak (21-42%)
- increase Hct and Hb levels
- Improved lipid profiles
- Improved glucose metabolism
- Improved BP control
- Improved muscles strength
14
Q
Functional assessments
A
Sit to stand 6m timed walk 10m timed walk grip strength ADL BP
15
Q
Avoid
A
1RM
HR as an indicator
use RPE instead
