end of quarter test Flashcards
what should you do before you read
preview the selection - look at the back -inside cover -headings -author activate prior knowledge set a purpose -why am i reading this
What should you do while you read
p-predict v-visualize c-connect c-clarify q-question e-evaluate
what to do after you read
stop-think-summerize
what does folklore litterally mean
folka-german for people
lore- all traditions about a subject, gathered through time and expirience
What mediums can folklore be told through
stories, song, music,drama,art, architecture, dancing, food, clothing
5 things all folktales share
- fiction
- no place in time or space
- no author-ppl add on to them
- part of oral tradition-passed down through geniration
- didactic-teaches a lesson, moral, example, warning, something to come away with
protagonist
main character
antagonist
opposing character
allusion
a reference to a work of literature, a person, a thing, or an event that the reader is expected to recognize
-bible, greek mythology 2 most common ancient texts
reference
mention
evolve
grow change
how did folktales evolve
200 BC China- part of oral traditions for adults/warriers
1700’s france- written, started using printing press-still for adults
1800’s germany- brothers grim-aloth of princess stories
-cristan anderson-glass sliper
1930’s disney-cleans up the stories
motif
reacurring imagge/words/idea
symbol
person, place, object, idea, that represents something else
theme
universal mesage that transends culture and time
trickster tale
a character uses their smarts and wits to overcome the antagonist
ex: anansi and all the stories
Myth
attempts to explain the unexplainable about the natrul world
ex: the raven and the light, anansi and the moon
folktale
a story that meets the basic requirments
ex:green willow
parable
a very beief story about ordinary events and humen characteristics that teaches a moral lesson about life
legend
believed to be true, has a time and a place,based on real ppl heros/st’s/kings
fable
short
explicit moral
animals talk and walk like humens
tall tale
- believed to be based on a real person
- exaggerates so no longer believeable
- uniquely american/1800’s
- came about because of western expansion
- based o pioneers
fairytale
magic/magical beings
what do didactic works do
primarily amid at teaching or instructing
How many meanings do storys have
everyone takes away their own meaning/ they do not have a set meaning
what lessons do didactic stories teach
meaning of life
How to live! Life Lesson
anacdote
brief story that contains framiliar characters,setting, and actions that teach a lesson about living
carul Jung
created the theory of the collected unconsious
What are the characteristics of Archetypes
- we share them with humanity
- they are inherited/connects our past to common source
- not directely knowable/express in forms
- grow out of mans social, phycological, and biological being
- They are universal
- cannot be explained by interaction of cultures
- they are reccurent
Archetype definintions
- greek word meaning original pattern or old model
- an event or story or image that reaccurs in different works in dif culture in different time periods
quest
the search for someone or some talisman which when found or brought back will restore fertility to a waisted land
task
to save the kingdom, to win fair lady, prove ones rightful position, the hero must preform some nearby superhuman deed. also restores fertility to waisted land
the initation
usually take the form of an initation into adult life-RITE of passage
Initation A-The journey
hero goes in serch of truth or info necessary to restore fertility to kingdom; usually he/she decends into a real or psychological hell to discover the blackest truths concerning their faults
Initation B- Journey variation
a group finds themself together on a voyage or in an isolated situation. Each member of the group will represent a leval of society. As a microcosm of society, the group will decend into a real or phycological hell to discover te blackest truths concerning a society or culture
the fall
a decendent from a high to low state of being witch involves a defilement or loss of inocense; often characters are expelled from a kind or paradise as a penalty
death and rebirth
a common archetype which draws parallels between the cycle of nature and cycle of life. Morning and spring are birth, while winter evening is death
nature vs mechanistic world
that which is natural or part of the natural order is good. Tecnology which separates people from nature, or the natural world is bad
Battle between good and evil
A battle between two primal fources. The future or the very existence of the kingdom is often at stake. Good triumphs over evil dispite great odds, but ofter a terrible sacrifice by the hero or by the kingdom as a whole must be made to insure victory
unhealable wound
this wound is either real or phycological and cannot be healed fully. the wound often indicates a loss of innocence. the unhealable wound often aches, especially in the presence of what caused the wound and drives the sufferer to desprate measures
The ritual
actual ceremonies that marks the rite of passage into another state or leval of society. this rite is a sighnpost for a characters role in society
The magic weapon
weapon symbolizes the extrodinary quality of the hero or heroine because no one else can use or weild the weapon. It is givin by a mentor figure
light vs darkness
light suggests hope, renewal, or intellectual illumination; darkness implies the unknown, ignorance, or despair
Water vs desert
water is a symbol of birth, rebirth, or clensing. A desert is seen as the opposite, or a place of exile. Often the desert is represented by an absense of the expected:lack of wind or waves on the ocean, lack of rain, absence of game to hunt in the wilderness, etc
Heaven vs Hell
The skies and mountain tops house the gods; the bowels of the earth of pits hide evil forces
Allegory
narrative or description which has a second meaning beneath the surface one
Antihero
A protagonist lacking in one or more of the qualities of a traditional hero. They lack character
Dynamic Character
a character who undergoes a change or achieves growth
Flat character
Can be summed up in one or two traits
Foil character
a minor character whose situations or actions paralel those of a major character; through contrast, reader achieves a fuller understanding of main character
round character
character is complex and many-sided
static character
same at begining as at the end
stock character
a stereotyped character; one who is framilliar as a type in other works
comedy
has happy ending; emphasizes humen limitations rather than greatness
connotation
a word suggests beyond its literal meaning; overtones of meaning
denotation
the dictionary meaning of a word
diction
word choice
Epiphany
a moment of insight or understanding by which a characters attitudes or life are altered greatly
figure of speech
a way of saying something other than the ordinary way; an imaginative comparison
imagery
representation thrrough language of sence expirence
In Medias res
story begins in the middle of things with little exposition
Irony
A situuation or use of language that normally signifies the opposite, typically humerous
verbal irony
a figure of speech in which what is said is the opposite of what is meant
Dramatic ironey
an incongruity between what a character percieves and what the author intends the reader to percieve
Situational ironey
A situation in which there is an incongruity between appearence and reality, between expectation and fufillment, or between the actual situation and what would seem appropriate
Paradox
Statement or situation which contains an apparently contradictory element; on further examination, often yeilds some truth
complication
introduces a conflict
crisis
moment of high tension
denouement
falling action
Naturalism
fiction of grim realism, in which the writer observes humen characteristics like a scientist observing ants, seeing them as the products and victims of enviroment and hereditary
Innate wisdom vs educated stupidly
hero cannot reach goal without learning hard lesson
fire vs ice
fire represents knowledge, light, rebirth; ice represents ignorance, dakness, sterility, and death
young one from provinces
hero is raised by stranges returns to home and solves problems
the initatives
hero must endure some training or cerimony prior to quest
objective POV
Presents the actionsand thoughts of the character but does not judge them or insert opinions
Innocent or naive Narrorator
narrorator does not fully understand implications of story-could be child or adult with intelect or child
prose
opposite of poetry
Satire
literature which pokes fun at humen folly with the intention of changing things or preventing future ills
Sentimentallity
a defect in writing where writter feels tremendous emotion but does not provide reader enogh reason to share feelings
style
individual characteristics in a piece of writing
tone
emotional coloring of work-the writers or speakers attitude toward his subject
what 3 things did Frey notice all stories have
setting characters and conflict
