End Of Chapter Questions Flashcards
The population pyramid for developed nations is distinguished by which of the following?
A “column” with similar numbers of people across the age groups
The dramatic historical shifts in the age of the world population are the result of which factor?
The move from infectious diseases to chronic conditions
Decreased fertility rates
Increased life expectancy
In developed nations like the United States and countries in Western Europe, the current emphasis on independent living for older adults will result in
Most rehabilitation takes place in the community
the leading cause of mortality in the United States
Heart disease
Which of the following is an example of a primary prevention intervention?
Promoting a new technique for breast self-examination to improve women’s abilities in early cancer detection
What characteristics of the baby boom generation are not different from characteristics of previous generations?
Fewer children
Which of the following is a reason why obesity should be regarded as one of the most significant influences on the future health and disability status of individuals in the United States and other developed nations, and quality of life in these nations?
Obesity is a contributing factor to an array of chronic diseases.
Which of the following is not a reason why Turkey can be characterized as a developing and developed nation?
Turkey is run by two forms of government: secular and nonsecular.
In the BRFSS study, levels of caregiving were highest in southeastern U.S. states. This finding parallels what other (linked) southeastern characteristic?
Chronic diseases are more common (prevalence and incidence) in these states.
Which of the following is true with regard to PICO statements?
The PICO statement is a guide to help therapists identify important elements of a clinical question.
Challenges of implementing evidence-based practice include which of the following?
Lack of time
Lack of skills in finding scientific evidence
Shortage of resources, such as computers, no access to bibliographic databases, etc.
Limited available evidence on occupational therapy
practice
Critically evaluating the evidence is one step in the evidence-based practice process. Which of the following will determine whether the study results being considered are credible and generalizable?
Valid study design and study methods
Before beginning an initial assessment, the occupational therapist should take which action?
Review The Chart To Determine The Client’s Medical History.
Determine any precautions.
Before choosing an assessment tool, the occupational therapist checks to make sure that regardless of whether she or one of her co-workers administers the assessment, they will likely get the same results. This is an example of
Reliability
Mrs. Cho, an 86-year-old widow, is admitted for subacute rehabilitation for reconditioning following a prolonged hospital stay. The client indicates that independence in shopping is an important goal for her. Important client considerations with regard to the performance-based assessment of this IADL include which of the following?
a. Pain level should be assessed.
b. Determine any precautions first.
c. Cognitive status should be considered.
d. All of these are correct.
d. All of these are correct.
An occupational therapist considers which ADL assessment is most helpful for goal setting—that is, the tool that will be most useful in measuring small changes in functional status. This is an example of which of the following?
Responsiveness
Considerations when selecting an appropriate cognitive assessment include which of the following?
a. The occupational therapist should consider the client’s educational level.
b. The amount of time available to complete the assessment should be factored in.
c. Any advanced training needed to administer the
assessment should be noted.
d. All of these are correct.
d. All of these are correct.
An example of a self-report bias on a short-term assessment of performance is noted when a senior
denies his functional deficits.
exaggerates her functional deficits.
or his surrogate does not report the deficits accurately.
Which of the following assessments would be most likely to give a truer picture of the needs or competencies of a senior?
An actual ADL assessment performed by an older adult in his home
ADL is a critical dimension to be monitored among older adults because a change in ADL function and status
indicates capacity to perform tasks based on complexity.
