End Of Chapter Questions

Question 1

The population pyramid for developed nations is distinguished by which of the following?

Answer 1

A “column” with similar numbers of people across the age groups

Question 2

The dramatic historical shifts in the age of the world population are the result of which factor?

Answer 2

The move from infectious diseases to chronic conditions
Decreased fertility rates
Increased life expectancy

Question 3

In developed nations like the United States and countries in Western Europe, the current emphasis on independent living for older adults will result in

Answer 3

Most rehabilitation takes place in the community

Question 4

the leading cause of mortality in the United States

Answer 4

Heart disease

Question 5

Which of the following is an example of a primary prevention intervention?

Answer 5

Promoting a new technique for breast self-examination to improve women’s abilities in early cancer detection

Question 6

What characteristics of the baby boom generation are not different from characteristics of previous generations?

Answer 6

Fewer children

Question 7

Which of the following is a reason why obesity should be regarded as one of the most significant influences on the future health and disability status of individuals in the United States and other developed nations, and quality of life in these nations?

Answer 7

Obesity is a contributing factor to an array of chronic diseases.

Question 8

Which of the following is not a reason why Turkey can be characterized as a developing and developed nation?

Answer 8

Turkey is run by two forms of government: secular and nonsecular.

Question 9

In the BRFSS study, levels of caregiving were highest in southeastern U.S. states. This finding parallels what other (linked) southeastern characteristic?

Answer 9

Chronic diseases are more common (prevalence and incidence) in these states.

Question 10

Which of the following is true with regard to PICO statements?

Answer 10

The PICO statement is a guide to help therapists identify important elements of a clinical question.

Question 11

Challenges of implementing evidence-based practice include which of the following?

Answer 11

Lack of time
Lack of skills in finding scientific evidence
Shortage of resources, such as computers, no access to bibliographic databases, etc.
Limited available evidence on occupational therapy
practice

Question 12

Critically evaluating the evidence is one step in the evidence-based practice process. Which of the following will determine whether the study results being considered are credible and generalizable?

Answer 12

Valid study design and study methods

Question 13

Before beginning an initial assessment, the occupational therapist should take which action?

Answer 13

Review The Chart To Determine The Client’s Medical History.

Determine any precautions.

Question 14

Before choosing an assessment tool, the occupational therapist checks to make sure that regardless of whether she or one of her co-workers administers the assessment, they will likely get the same results. This is an example of

Answer 14

Reliability

Question 15

Mrs. Cho, an 86-year-old widow, is admitted for subacute rehabilitation for reconditioning following a prolonged hospital stay. The client indicates that independence in shopping is an important goal for her. Important client considerations with regard to the performance-based assessment of this IADL include which of the following?

a. Pain level should be assessed.
b. Determine any precautions first.
c. Cognitive status should be considered.
d. All of these are correct.

Answer 15

d. All of these are correct.

Question 16

An occupational therapist considers which ADL assessment is most helpful for goal setting—that is, the tool that will be most useful in measuring small changes in functional status. This is an example of which of the following?

Answer 16

Responsiveness

Question 17

Considerations when selecting an appropriate cognitive assessment include which of the following?

a. The occupational therapist should consider the client’s educational level.
b. The amount of time available to complete the assessment should be factored in.
c. Any advanced training needed to administer the
assessment should be noted.
d. All of these are correct.

Answer 17

d. All of these are correct.

Question 18

An example of a self-report bias on a short-term assessment of performance is noted when a senior

Answer 18

denies his functional deficits.
exaggerates her functional deficits.
or his surrogate does not report the deficits accurately.

Question 19

Which of the following assessments would be most likely to give a truer picture of the needs or competencies of a senior?

Answer 19

An actual ADL assessment performed by an older adult in his home

Question 20

ADL is a critical dimension to be monitored among older adults because a change in ADL function and status

Answer 20

indicates capacity to perform tasks based on complexity.