End of block assessment Flashcards
10yrs boy has acute onset of scrotal pain. O/E the scrotum looks erythematous and swollen and is very tender on palpation. The testicle is higher and has a transverse lie on comparison to the other testicle. what is the diagnosis?
torsion of the testicle
a 10months female is ill. They are fully up to date their immunisation. Which of the following will they not have received ? Diptheria polio measles H. influenzae Men B pneumococcal
measles
- MMR is given at 12months
- it is a live vaccine
what vaccines are included in the 6in1 vaccine?
diphtheria, tetanus, whooping cough, polio, Hib (Haemophilus influenzae type b) and hepatitis B
when is rotavirus given?
2 and 3 months
what vaccines are given at the school boosters?
diphtheria, tetanus, whooping cough and polio
4month M who didnt pass meconium in the first 24hrs of life has been treated with laxatives but they have not worked. The abdo is distended and abdo Xray shows dilated bowel loops. What is the diagnosis?
Hirsprungs disease
what is hirsprungs disease?
absence of ganglion cells in rectum and sigmoid colon
how is a diagnosis of hirsprungs disease made?
rectal biopsy
what is the management of hirsprungs disease?
sigmoid colonostomy
resection of aganglionic section with end to end anastomosis
what is 1st and 2nd line for GORD?
1 = feed thickener 2 = oral ranitidine
what is the treatment for ADHD?
methylphenidate
what are the risks of premature low birth weight?
RDS, surfactant deficiency, hypoglycaemia, hypothermia, sepsis, jaundice
what is the initial management for premature low birth weight?
transfer to neonatal unit for further observations
what level of WCC and organism is required for UTI diagnosis confirmation?
WCC 500 E coli (single organism) 10^5 cf./ml
what is the diagnosis of a child with excessive crying/vomiting/blood stained stool. Unwell with poor perfusion with a mass on the R side and tender abdo?
intussusception
what is the initial treatment for intussusception ?
fluid resuscitation
20ml/kg
what is the diagnosis of a 5 week old child with vomiting, loosing weight and gavisicon hasn’t worked?
pyloric stenosis
what is the commonest heart lesion?
VSD
what is the commonest cyanotic heart lesion?
TOF
what are the normal O2 sats for a child?
> 95%
A child is well and non dysmorphic. O2 sats = 85% with normal pulses, grade 3/6 long ejection systolic murmur.
What is the most likely heart lesion?
TOF
- pulmonary stenosis causing cyanosis and murmur
what murmur is heard with VSD?
pan systolic
what murmur is heard with PDA?
machinery continuous murmur
what murmur is heard with ASD?
wide fixed split S2, pulmonary ejection systolic murmur
2nd intercostal space L
after SABA what medication should be used to step up on asthma management?
low dose inhaled corticosteroid (beclometasone)
at what age should a child have pincer grip?
9months
at what age should a child smile?
6 weeks
at what age should a child have head control ?
4months
a 5year M has a purple non blanching rash along the back of his thighs and ankle pain. Temp = 36.5. Urine dipstick shows proteinuria and haematuria. what is the diagnosis?
henoch schonlein purpura
what systems does henoch schonlein purpura affect?
joint pain interstitial nephritis vascular colitis (require steroids)
what is the body feature called when a newborn has 0.4th centile weight and 50th centile?
asymmetrical intrauterine growth restriction
what at trimester insult causes asymmetrical intrauterine growth retardation ?
3 trimester
what at trimester insult causes symmetrical intrauterine growth retardation ?
1 trimester
what are some complications of IUDR?
hypoglycaemia, hypothermia, jaundice
what is the management of IUGR?
temperature monitoring
temperature control
what is the management for febrile convulsion?
antipyretics, fans to cool down
doesn’t require investigations if the diagnosis is clear
what advice can be given to parents about febrile convulsions?
may have further convulsions
should given antipyretics to reduce chances of convulsion
doesn’t necessarily increase risk of epilepsy
very common benign condition
not meningitis
