Encodings

Question 1

In general, a sequence or group of k bits can represent one of ______ distinct k-bit patterns

Answer 1

2^k

Question 2

In order for groups of bits to have an meaning (aka store data), what needs to happen?

Answer 2

Question 3

As notation, when there is a sequence of bits, the highest and lowest order bits are called _________?

Answer 3

Highest order bit = most significant bit (msb)

Lowest order bit = least significant bit

Question 4

Answer 4

178

Question 5

What are the two ways to perform this encode?

Answer 5

Question 6

In general, how does unisigned integer arithmetic work?

Answer 6

that last bit goes into the condition code register, which tells you about this lost bit; overflow

Question 7

Answer 7

Question 8

What are the 3 different encoding methods for signed numbers?

Answer 8

1. Sign magnitude representation
2. 1’s complement representation
3. 2’s complement representation

Modern day computers use 2’s complement representation for signed numbers

Question 9

In general, what is Sign Magnitude Representation?

Answer 9

Question 10

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Question 11

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Question 12

In general, how does One’s complement representation work?

Answer 12

Question 13

Using One’s compliment

Answer 13

Question 14

In general, What is two’s complement representation?

Answer 14

Question 15

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Question 16

What are some of the advantages of Two’s Completement Representation?

Answer 16

Question 17

Using Two’s Complement in general, how do we convert Binary to Decimal?

Answer 17

Question 18

Conver the following Two’s Complement encoded number into decimal (base 10)

Answer 18

Question 19

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Question 20

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Question 21

In general, how do you convert Decimal to a Binary Two’s Complement representation?

Answer 21

Question 22

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Question 23

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Question 24

Where are arithmetic and logic operations typically implemented?

Answer 24

In the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)

Question 25

In general, hows does two’s complement representaton for Addition work?

Answer 25

Question 26

In general how does Two’s Complement Representation work for Subraction

Answer 26

Question 27

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Question 28

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Question 29

In general, what is sign extension?

We have a number in 4 bits, the number -1 represented by 1111₂ convert to an 8 bit number.

Answer 29

example, using 4 bits, the number -1 is represented by 1111₂. If we just pad it with 4 zeros, this becomes the 8 bits 00001111₂. However, this is not the encoding for -1 using 8 bits (the correct encoding is 11111111₂)

The correct thing to do is to replicate the msb. This is known as sign extension.

For example, using 4 bits, the number -1 is represented by 1111₂. If we replicate the msb bit with 4 times, this becomes the 8 bits 11111111₂, which is the 8 bit encoding for

-1

Question 30

What is Overflow/Underflow?

Answer 30

Question 31

What is the way to test for overflow/underflow?

Answer 31

Question 32

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Question 33

In general, how can any decimal with a fixed number of digits be represented using a sum of (negative owers of 2s)?

Answer 33

Question 34

What is the technique for finding the binary representation for a decimal point number D

Answer 34

Question 35

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Question 36

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Question 37

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Question 38

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Question 39

In general, how does IEEE floating point representation work?

Answer 39

Question 40

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Question 41

What are the special properties of Single-Precision encoding?

Answer 41

Question 42

In general how are Characters and Strings encoded?

Answer 42