Enclosure Design 2

Question 1

Why does a zoo enclosure encompass?

Answer 1

All animal and non animal accommodation

Question 2

What factors determine enclosure design?

Answer 2

The physical space 
Pre existing vs new 
Amount of money 
Type of animal 
How to display 
Stakeholders needs

Question 3

What are category 1 species?

Answer 3

Animals that poise risk of serious injury/threat to life from injury toxin or disease

Question 4

What are category 2 species?

Answer 4

Risk of injury/illness but unlikely to be life threatening

Question 5

What are category 3 species?

Answer 5

Animals considered not to cause a risk to humans

Question 6

What are some of the issues with using a multi species exhibit?

Answer 6

Competition for food and other resources
Negative interactions can occur
Unnatural behaviours
Risk of disease and parasite transmission
Risk of hybridisation

Question 7

What 3 types of naturalistic enclosures were defined by Polakowski?

Answer 7

1. Naturalistic habitat: no attempts to duplicate real habitat
2. Modified natural: elements of real habitat but integrates into existing surroundings
3. Realistic natural: reproduces real habitat in appearance, land formation, vegetation and animal activity

Question 8

Who are the main stakeholders of a zoo?

Answer 8

Animals
Keepers/zoo staff
Visitors

Question 9

Who are the other stakeholders of a zoo?

Answer 9

Those living nearby
Science/research
Legislative bodies e.g council
Membership organisations e.g BIAZA

Question 10

Give some needs of the animals:

Answer 10

Space 
Social environment 
Food and water 
Environment conditions 
Health 
Complexity 
Ability to show natural behaviour

Question 11

What is enclosure rotation?

Answer 11

Animals move sequentially between two or more interconnected display and off display areas

Question 12

What should be considered when looking at water quality in aquariums?

Answer 12

pH, salinity 
Temp 
Light spectrum 
Movement- running or still 
Depth 
Volume 
Filtering and cleaning

Question 13

What does UVA and UVB affect in an animal?

Answer 13

UVA: activity cycles
UVB: vitamin D synthesis and so bone strength

Question 14

What factors affect the need of an animal?

Answer 14

Age 
Size 
Rank/hierarchy 
Sex 
Reproductive status 
Temperament 
General health

Question 15

What is the role of the care staff or keeper?

Answer 15

Monitoring animals 
Providing food and water 
Ensuring environment is safe, clean and appropriate 
Catching and restraining animals 
Administering medical treatment 
Education

Question 16

What are the needs of the staff?

Answer 16

Security 
Place to prepare food 
Controlled animal contact 
Easy observation of animals 
Ease of cleaning and maintenance

Question 17

What are the needs of the visitor?

Answer 17

Safety 
Hygiene 
Education 
Enclosure appearance 
To be able to see the animals

Question 18

What are the sustainability needs of an enclosure?

Answer 18

Materials from sustainable sources
Re use facilities
Ecologically conscious

Question 19

What do barriers need to safely do?

Answer 19

Keep the animals in
Keep the visitors out
Protect staff when working

Question 20

Why is a vertical chain link fence not popular with visitors?

Answer 20

Difficult to see through clearly

Question 21

What kind of animals are posts used for as a barrier?

Answer 21

Hoofstock and elephants

Question 22

What are pits and why are they inappropriate today?

Answer 22

Animals below visitors in a pit- large carnivores
Animal has to look up
Often barren

Question 23

What are ha-has and what animals are they used for?

Answer 23

Concealed barrier: section of ground that slopes down from ground level on animal side to a sunken wall at the edge of the enclosure

Used to contain elephants and other large ungulates

Question 24

What are the issues with using windows to view the animals?

Answer 24

Animals can not escape visitors
Visitors tap or bang on glass
Some animals can hit into them e.g. birds

Question 25

What are the solutions to having windows in an enclosure?

Answer 25

Replace big windows with small viewing slots
One way glass
Secondary barriers in front of windows