enamel/dentine caries Flashcards

1
Q

what is caries?

A

progressive destruction of tooth structure initiated by microbial activity at tooth surface

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2
Q

what are the requirements for caries?

A

plaque bacteria
time
carbohydrate substrate
susceptible tooth

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3
Q

what are examples of NCTSL?

A

erosion
abrasion
attrition
abfraction

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4
Q

what units is the enamel structure made up of?

A

prism

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5
Q

describe the prism unit

A

core: tightly packed hydroxyapatite
intercrystaline spaces
sheath: less well packed crystals, pores/spaces containing water and organic material

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6
Q

what does the sheath component of the prism allow?

A

diffusion of acid

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7
Q

where does demineralisation begin?

A

prism sheath

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8
Q

how does enamel caries begin?

A

white spot lesion

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9
Q

describe the zones of an enamel caries lesion

A

translucent zone
dark zone
body of lesion
surface zone

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10
Q

what occurs at the translucent zone?

A

1st carious change
few large pores, loss of prism periphery
quinolone fills periphery

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11
Q

what occurs at dark zone?

A

dark brown with quinolone
consists of small and large pores
demineralisation and remineralisation occuring

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12
Q

what occurs in the body of the lesion?

A

largest and centre of the lesion
more porous
enamel relatively translucent
striae of retzius more obvious

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13
Q

what occurs at the surface zone?

A

relatively intact
highly mineralised- high fluoride content
forms and reforms during caries process

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14
Q

what are defence responses shown by dentine?

A

reactionary/tertiary dentine

translucent/sclerotic zone- blocks tubules

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15
Q

if progression is rapid, what occurs?

A

no sclerosis
odontoblasts die
reparative, tertiary dentine

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16
Q

what are the zones of dentine caries?

A

advancing front
zone of bacterial penetration
zone of destruction

17
Q

what occurs at advancing front?

A

zone of demineralise dentine
acid demineralisation
no bacteria

18
Q

what occurs in zone of bacterial penetration?q

A

bacteria in tubules
lateral spread via branched tubules
lactobacilli present

19
Q

what occurs in the zone of destruction?

A

mixed bacterial population
proteolytic enzymes
destroys organic matrix

20
Q

what occurs in outer/superficial zone

A

highly infected
irreversibly demineralised dentine
degradation of collagen matrix

21
Q

what occurs in inner, deeper zones

A

reversibly attacked dentine
minimally infected
potential for repair