En Route - En Route Procedures

Question 1

What reports should be made to ATC without specific request (radar and non radar)

Answer 1

Missed approach
Airspeed change of 10kt or 5% indicated
Reaching a holding fix (time and altitude)
Vacating any assigned altitude
ETA change in excess of 2 minutes (non radar)
Leaving assigned holding fix
Outer marker inbound (non radar)
Unforecast weather
Safety of flight compromised
VFR on top, any altitude change
FAF inbound (non radar)
Radio malfunction
Compulsory reporting points (non radar)
500 FPM (unable to climb descend at 500 FPM

Question 2

What reporting requirements are required by ATC when not in radar contact?

Answer 2

Leaving FAF or OM inbound

ETA change of 2 minutes or more

Question 3

What items of information should be included in every position report?

Answer 3

ID
Position
Time
Altitude
Flight plan
ETA and name of next reporting point
Name of succeeding point
Remarks

Question 4

When used in conjunction with ATC altitude assignments, what does the term “pilot’s discretion” mean?

Answer 4

ATC has given option of starting climb/descent whenever they wish, as well as leveling off at intermediate altitudes

Question 5

Explain the terms “maintain” and “cruise” as they pertain to an IFR altitude.

Answer 5

Maintain: maintain assigned altitude
Cruise: any intermediate between IFR minimum to assigned altitude, once verbally leaving altitude you can not return without further clearance

Question 6

Can ATC issue you a cruise clearance that authorizes you to proceed to an execute an approach at the destination airport without an operating control tower?

Answer 6

Yes, when issued cruise clearance, you are responsible for determining minimum IFR altitude

Question 7

Why would a pilot request a VFR-On-Top clearance?

Answer 7

IFR clearance in VFR conditions pilot may request VFR on top in lieu of an assigned altitude For the purpose of more favorable air conditions

Question 8

Does an ATC authorization to “maintain VFR-On-Top” restrict you to operating on top or above the cloud layer

Answer 8

Allows you to operate above/below/between cloud layers. However IFR and VFR rules apply

Question 9

Which airspace prohibits VFR On Top clearance?

Answer 9

Class A

Question 10

What operational procedure must pilots on IFR flight plans adhere to when operating VFR-On-Top?

Answer 10

• Fly appropriate VFR altitude
  
  • Comply with VFR Wx minimums
  • Comply with IFR rules

Question 11

What is a “clearance limit” and when is it received?

Answer 11

Traffic clearance limit authorizes flight to an airport or fix

Question 12

What information will ATC provide when they request a hold at a fix where the holding pattern is not charted?

Answer 12

Direction of hold relative to fix
Fix
Radial/bearing
Legs
Direction of turns
EFC

Question 13

What are the maximum airspeeds permitted for aircraft while holding?

Answer 13

MHA-6,000 - 200 KIAS
6,001-14,000 - 230KIAS
14,001-above - 265KIAS

Question 14

What is nonstandard versus a standard holding pattern?

Answer 14

Standard are right turns

Nonstandard are left turns

Question 15

Describe the procedure for crosswind correction is a holding pattern.

Answer 15

Compensate for wind effect on the inbound and outbound. When outbound, triple drift correction to avoid major turning adjustments

Question 16

What action is appropriate when approaching a holding fix at an airspeed in excess of maximum holding speed?

Answer 16

Reduce speed 3 minutes or less from the fix. Speed may be reduced earlier if ATC isadvised

Question 17

Why is it important for the pilot to receive an EFC time with initial holding instructions?

Answer 17

In the event of communication loss, EFC times gives the pilot a time to leave the hold

Question 18

Describe the different recommended entry methods for holding.

Answer 18

Parallel
Teardrop
Direct

Question 19

What is the leg length for a standard holding pattern?

Answer 19

1 minute inbound below 14,000’ MSL

1.5 minute inbound above 14,000’MSL

Question 20

If assigned a DME/GPS hold, what procedures should be used?

Answer 20

DME/GPS use same entries but substitute nautical miles in lieu of time

Question 21

When does the timing for the outbound leg in a holding pattern begin?

Answer 21

Outbound timing begins over/abeam fix which ever occurs later

Question 22

The distance information indicated by your DME is different from that indicated on the GPS display, Why?

Answer 22

DME is line of sight (slant range)