EMS Operations Flashcards
Negligence, 4 criteria to be proven
There was a duty to act.
The provider committed a breach of duty.
The patient suffered injury/illness as a direct result of the breach of duty.
Damages were proximally caused by that breach of duty.
Radio Systems
A simplex radio system.
A duplex system
A multiplex system
A digital system
Simplex radio system
the most basic radio system.
Duplex radio system
allows users to transmit on one frequency and receive on a second frequency.
Multiplex radio system
uses multiple data streams to communicate.
Digital radio system
uses digital signals to transmit information.
Placards, used in the US and Canada to identify the material being transported.
Required by the Department of Transportation.
Diamond-shaped and placed on all four sides of the unit transporting the material.
Include a 4-digit number that corresponds with the Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG).
The placard also includes a symbol to identify the hazmat class.
Sections of Incident Command
command, operations, finance, planning, and logistics.
COP from FL
Command section involves the incident commander overseeing the entire incident.
Operations section responsible for tactical operations, such as triage, treatment, and transport is operations.
Planning is responsible for solving problems encountered during a large incident.
Finance documents all expenses for reimbursement.
Logistics is responsible for equipment, facilities, communications, and all medical equipment.
SALT Triage
Sort, Assess, Life-saving interventions, and Treatment/Transport.
It begins with global sorting and then moves into individual assessment.
If a pediatric patient is not breathing after you open the airway, then you provide two rescue breaths.
If no breathing response then you will tag the patient black.
In adult patients, according to SALT triage, if the patient remains apneic after you open the airway, you tag the patient black.
Alpha Radiation
Alpha radiation is the least harmful of all radiological sources.
It is unable to penetrate most objects, including the skin or clothes.
Beta Radiation
Beta radiation is the second least harmful category of radiation.
One layer of clothes can prevent beta penetration.
Types of radiation?
A-B-G-N
Alpha - least harmful, cannot penetrate skin or clothing
Beta - 2nd least harmful, cannot penetrate clothing
Gamma - pentrate body
Neutron - fastest
Gamma Radiation
Gamma radiation is much stronger than alpha and beta radiation and can easily penetrate the body.
Gamma requires several inches of concrete or lead to block the radiation.
Similar to x-rays.
Neutron Radiation
Neutron radiation is the fastest of all radiological sources.
It requires several feet of concrete to prevent penetration.
What agent can lead to false pulse oximetry readings?
carbon monoxide and cyanide.
G Agents
Developed and classified by German scientists after WWI and during WWII
Soman (GD) is twice as persistent as sarin and five times as lethal. It has a fruity odor as a result of the type of alcohol used in the agent and generally has no color.
Sarin (GB) is a more commonly known nerve agent. It is a highly volatile, colorless and odorless liquid. It turns from liquid to gas within seconds to minutes at room temperature. It is highly lethal.
Tabun (GA) is approximately half as lethal as sarin and 36 times more persistent, and under the proper conditions it will remain present for several days. It has a fruity smell and an appearance similar to sarin.
SALT and START are used for what type of patients?
Adults
What type of triage system is used for children?
JumpSTART
