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Captains Class > EMS (12) > Flashcards

EMS (12) Flashcards

1
Q

If family on scene advises NO treatment or denies access to patient, contact MECC and ask for _______ to be dispatched.

A

Ask for MPD

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2
Q

You may cancel EMS when patient meets following conditions:

A
  1. Alert and oriented
  2. No medical complaints
  3. No obvious injuries
  4. Normal vitals
  5. States they don’t want EMS
  6. Is 18+
    or
  7. Obvious DOA
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3
Q

Signs of DOA

A

Breathless, pulseless, and cold in a warm environment with lividity and rigor.

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4
Q

Scene clean up, bleach/water mixture:

A

1/3 cup to 1 gallon water, and let stand for at least 10 mins

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5
Q

Sharps: large vs small amount:

A

Small: Contact MFC or Salvage for pick up
Large: Contact BC or Deputy

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6
Q

BVM sizes:

A

Small: 0-5 yrs, 400cc
Large: 5-adult, 1000cc

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7
Q

Respiratory Rates:
- Newborn:
- Infant-child:
- Adolescent(13)- adult:

A

Newborn: 30-60
Infant-child: 20-30
Adolescent-adult: 12-20

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8
Q

Heart rates:
- Newborn:
- Infant-child:
- Adult:

A

Newborn: 120-180
Infant-child: varies
Adult: 60-100

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9
Q

Patient w respiratory distress, pulmonary edema, or chest pain (suspected MI or heart attack), O2 shall be administered at what flow rate?

A

10-15L/min by mask

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10
Q

Cardiac arrest key points:
- Ventilation:
- Defibrillate after ____mins
- O2 given at ___L/min

A

Vent: 10x/min(6 seconds)
Defib: after 2 mins
O2 at 4L/min

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11
Q

Cardiac cooling after ROSC:
What criteria and how?

A

If 18+, systolic BP over 90 and still unconscious.
Ice packs at Carotid, both arm pits and femoral groin.

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12
Q

CPR rates: (check latest EMS communication)

A
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13
Q

Seizures: types

A

General (Grand Mal), partial or complex, and Status seizure

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14
Q

Diabetic: types and signs of
Hypoglycemia vs Hyperglycemia

A

Type 1and 2
Hypo: Rapid onset, pale, sweaty, confusion, unusual behavior, may act drunk
Hyper: Gradual onset, warm, dry, flushed skin, drowsy and rapid fruity smelling breath.

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15
Q

CVA/Stroke O2 administered:

A

4L/min via nasal cannula

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16
Q

Cincinnati Stroke Scale:

A
  • Facial droop
  • Arm drift
  • Abnormal speech
    (any 1 of these 3 signs is 72% likely having a stroke)
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17
Q

Glasgow Coma Scale: Tests:
Lowest and Highest score

A

Tests: Eye, Verbal and Motor responses
- 3 is lowest (deep coma or dead)
- 15 is highest (fully awake)

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18
Q

Overdose/Poisoning: Contact:

A

HCMC Poison Center

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19
Q

Shock (trauma) signs:

A

Diaphoretic
Fast breathing
Hypotension (Late stage shock)
ALofC

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20
Q

Head/Spinal Injuries:
- Assessment
- AVPU
- CMS

A

AVPU: Awake, Verbal, Pain, Unconscious
CMS: Circualtion, Motion, Sensation (before and after back boarding)

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21
Q

Fractures: Splint joint in what position?

A

Splint joint in position found

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22
Q

Thermal Burns:
- Rule of Palm:
- What dressing used?

A
  • Rule of Palm: Estimates burn area, patients palm=1%
  • Treat w dry, dressing to prevent hypothermia
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23
Q

Thermal Burn types:

A

1st: Superficial: outer layer, red skin and swelling
2nd: Partial: second layer of skin, intense pain, blister and mottles appearance
3rd: Full: all layers damaged, charred black, dry, pain or no pain at all

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24
Q

Parkland Burn Chart:

A

Rule of 9’s (only for 2nd and 3rd degree burns)

25
Chemical Burns: do NOT use __________ like vinegar or baking soda
Do NOT use neutralizers
26
Electrical Burns: - Low vs High voltage:
Low Volt.: Less than 1000 High Volt.: More than 1000
27
Hypothermia: Temps and signs:
99-96F: Shivering 95-91F: Intense shivering, difficulty speaking 90-86F: Muscle rigidity, uncoordinated and slow thinking 85-81F: Decreased LOC, slow pulse and resp. 80-78F: LOC, few reflexes, hear rate erratic
28
Hyperthermia: 3 levels:
- Heat Exhaustion: Cramps, weak, dizzy, heavy perspiration, rapid shallow breathing, weak pulse - Heat Stroke: rapid shallow breathing, full rapid pulse, dilated pupils, seizures, loss of consciousness - Febrile State: High fever, irritable, seizure, loss of consciousness (more common in kids)
29
OB Emergencies: Labor and Delivery - Where do cord clamps get placed? - Placenta should deliver with in _____ mins
- Place 2 clamps 8-10 inches from baby. Do NOT cut if cord is still pulsing - Placenta should deliver with in 20 mins
30
Premature: Full Term: Overdue:
Premature: less than 5.5lbs or before 37 weeks Full Term: 37-40 weeks Overdue: greater than 40 weeks
31
APGAR Scale: - When do you obtain? - What categories?
- Obtain APGAR at 1 and 5 mins after birth - On a 1-10 scale: HR, Respirations, Reflex irritability, Muscle tone and color
32
DNR form (MN Medical Association) must be signed by:
- Must be signed by themselves/guardian, a witness and their physician. - Copies are valid
33
POLST form must be signed by :
Needs to be signed by a healthcare professional
34
Living Will must be signed by:
Must be signed by 2 witnesses and/or notary public
35
Obvious DOA: If no signs of foul play, notify dispatch to start MPD, if not arrived in ____ mins, ask for ETA
If not arrived within 15 mins
36
Critical Incident Stress Debriefing (CISD): - Defusing done when: - Debriefing done when:
- Defusing done within 1-8hrs and lasts around 20-45 mins - Debriefing is a group intervention done between 24-72hrs after incident
37
MN State Statute (626.556) requires EMT-B to report:
- Child abuse - Vulnerable adult abuse - Sexual assault - Prenatal exposure - Gunshot wounds
38
Metered Dose Inhalers: Make sure you check...
"4 Rights" - Right medication - Right dose - Right patient - Right route - and expiration date
39
Connect nebulizer to O2 at _______L/min or until______
O2 at 4-6 L/min or until steady, visible mist
40
"Nitro"glycerine: Dose: - Systolic BP must be _____ or greater - Cannot take when:
Dose: 1 tablet or spray every 5 minutes as long as BP is above 110, no more than 3 doses - Systolic BP must be 110+ - No ED meds in last 24hrs, and BP below 140 for patients w signs of pulmonary edema - "4 Rights"
41
Epinephrine (EpiPen): - Dose - Hold injection for _____ seconds
Dose: - Adult: 0.3mg - Infant and children: 0.15mg Inject and hold for 10 seconds
42
Duo Dote: - Describe antidote: - Who cannot use Duo Dote: - When and how much to administer:
Organophosphorus Poisoning (Nerve Agent) 2 antidotes in 1 injector: - 2.1mg atropine in 0.7mL solution & 600mg pralidoxime chloride in 2mL solution - NOT for pediatrics or patients under 40kg - Small vapor/liquid exposure use 1 kit, may repeat in 10-15mins (do 2 more kits quickly if after time symptoms persist) & if SEVERE exposure take 3 kits initially
43
Oxygen concentrations: - Low vs high %'s
- High: 60-100% (non-rebreather @ 6-15lpm) - Low: 24-44%s (nasal cannula @ 1-6lpm)
44
Naloxone (Narcan): - Kit: - Dose and how administered?
- Kit includes 2 needless syringes containing 2mg and 2 atomizers and 1 storage bag - Administer 1mg per nostril (2mg total is 1 dose)
45
I-Gel sizes:
5 - Large Adult: 198+ 4 - Medium Adult: 110-198 3 - Small Adult: 66-132 2.5 - Large peds: 55-77 2 - Small peds: 22-55 1.5 - Infant: 11-26 1 - Neonate: 4-11
46
Bag Valve Mask (BVM): Ventilations rate for: - Adults - Infants/children - Newborns
- Adults: up to 12 breaths/min (1breath/5 sec) - Infants/children: 20 breaths/min - Newborn: 40-60 breaths/min
47
Pulse Oximetry: Readings:
Normal: 95% + Give O2: Less than 95%
48
CPAP: - For who:
- For patients 12+, who can maintain their own airway, systolic BP over 90, and signs of asthma, CHF, COPD, pulmonary edema and pneumonia. - NOT for patients w pneumothorax
49
Key points in setting up CPAP:
- Use 10cm H2O of PEEP valve - Check vitals every 5 mins - 15L/min O2 to CPAP - 4-6L/min O2 to nebulizer
50
AED (Automatic External Defibrillator): Detects what? - MFD uses what brand and key points: - Adults vs kids:
- Detects V-Fib and V-Tach - MFD uses Lifepack 1000, rechargeable battery good for 440 shock or 17hrs of monitoring. Non-recharable batt=300 shocks. - Low batt alarms, 9 shocks left - Use Peds Pads if under 8 years or less than 55lbs - AED supplies from stores or MCV
51
Pneumatic Compression Trousers (PCT): AKA: MAST Suit - What used for: - Indications: BP: - Contraindications:
- Used to treat shock, fractures, promote hemostasis and vascular resistance. - Use when BP less than 50 systolic - NOT for patients with pulmonary edema and penetrating trauma - 2 sections: leg and abdomen
52
Patient Restraints: MN Law Code:
MN Law 609.06...use of reasonable force...etc.
53
RAD 57 (CO) Monitor:
- Detects CO poisoning - MFD has 3: L9, MCI & USAR - 40% Accuracy (+/- 3%) - Best operating temps: 41-104F (Storage between -40and158F)
54
Using RAD 57 to test FFers on scene at fire levels:
FFer w NO symptoms: - CO <10 = return to duty CO 10-15 = 100% O2 for 20 mins an reevaluate. Aiming for <10 CO >15 = 100% O2 and transport to hospital FFer w symptoms: - 100% O2 and transport to hospital
55
CO poisoning: When to transport and how to treat
- If ALOC, is less than 14 or pregnant put on 100% O2 and transport. - 10% or less and no symptoms, no transport - 10% or more, or shows symptoms, 100% O2 and transport
56
ResQ POD: - What's purpose: - Who for: - When use/not use:
- Prevents unnecessary air from entering chest during CPR - For arrest victims over 12 yrs, not trauma arrests - For use when IGel in place during CPR. Remove after ROSC. - End Title CO2 tube placed between ResQ Pod and BVM - Pod is always closest to patient
57
LUCAS2: - Indications: - Contraindications:
- For unresponsive, not breathing, pulseless and 12+ - NOT for pregnant, too large/small, or trauma to chest
58
Tourniquets: - 2 Types:
- MAT (Mechanical Advantage Tourniquet) - CAT (Combat Application Tourniquet) - NOT to be used when bleeding is controlled by direct pressure
59
EMS FMO Pad:
Form 33Z08/03, used to document patient information

Captains Class (11 decks)

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