Employee Motivation Flashcards
Distal Motivation Theories
Theory that deals with variable that are remote from behavior, such as needs
Motivation
The underlying force that explains why people engage in a behavior
Proximal Motivation Theories
Theory that deals with variables that are closely linked to behavior, such as goals or intentions
Two-Factor Theory
Motivation theory that considers job satisfaction and dissatisfaction to be separate factors rathe than opposite ends of the same continuum.
Valence
In expectancy theory, the value or worth a person gives to an outcome
Self-Efficacy Theory
a motivation theory based on the idea that people perform well when they believe they are capable of doing the job
self-efficacy
the belief that a person has in his or her ability to perform a task well
reinforcement theory
motivation theory that considers behavior to be a function of rewards
performance orientation
a goal of orientation that focuses attention on enhancing performance on specific job tasks
procedural justice
the form of justice concerning fairness of the process by which rewards are allocated
outcomes
in equity theory, the rewards a person gets from a job
motivator factors
in two factor theory, the job factors that are inherent in the job itself
learning orientation
a goal orientation that focuses attention on enhancing knowledge and skill
law of effect
the psychological principle that says a behavior that is rewarded will be more likely to reoccur and a behavior that is punished will be less likely to reoccur
inputs
in equity theory, the contributions made by an employee
incentive systems
a compensation system in which employees are paid for their level of productivity
Hygiene Factors
in two-factor theory, the job factors that fall outside the nature of the work itself, such as pay and other rewards
goal orientation
an individual’s focus on either enhancing knowledge and skill (learning orientation) or enhancing performance on job tasks (performance orientation)
goal setting theory
a motivation theory, that considers motivation to be enhanced by the setting of goals
galatea effect
a type of self-fulfilling prophecy in which a belief in being able to do something well results in better performance by an individual. similar to self-efficacy
fairness theory
a theory suggesting that people make judgments about situations being fair or unfair based on negative outcomes that are seen as purposeful and unreasonable
force
the term in expectancy theory that represents the level of motivation to engage in a behavior
need hierarchy theory
motivation theory that considers motivation to be based on a hierarchy of five basic human needs
equity theory
a motivation theory that bases work motivation on the balance between perceived contributions (inputs) and rewards (outcomes)
instrumentality
in expectancy theory, the belief that performance will lead to rewards
expectancy
the belief that effort will lead o good job performance
expectancy theory
a motivation theory that bases work motivation on a person’s expectancy that behavior will lead to desired rewards
distributive justice
the form of justice concerning a fair division of rewards among people
control theory
a motivation theory that focuses on how feedback affects the goal setting process
action orientation
a personality variable concerning a person’s ability to carry out a sequence of activities to accomplish a goal. action oriented: able to self regulate behaviors to achieve goals. state oriented: has difficulty doing so
action process
from action theory, a series of steps describing the process by which a person translates desire for something into behavior
action theory
a motivation theory that links a person’s goals to his or her behavior
control theory
a motivation theory that focuses on hoe feedback affects the goal setting process
