Employee and Labor Relations

Question 1

Organization that promotes rights at work and enhances social protection

Answer 1

International Labor Organization (ILO)

Question 2

ILO’s 8 Core Labor Standards

Answer 2

1. Freedom of Association and Protection of Right to Organize
2. Right to Organize and Collective Bargaining
3. Forced Labor
4. Abolition of Forced Labor
5. Minimum Age
6. Worst Forms of Child Labor
7. Equal Remuneration
8. Discrimination

Question 3

Prohibits interference from public authorities and requirement of authorization by employers

Answer 3

Freedom of Association and Protection of Right to Organize

Question 4

Protects workers from retaliation and obligating employers to negotiate with unions

Answer 4

Right to Organize and Collective Bargaining

Question 5

Prohibits forced and compulsory labor (except for military service, prison, and emergencies)

Answer 5

Forced Labor

Question 6

Prohibits forced labor as punishment, retaliation for strikers, workforce mobilization, labor discipline and descrimination

Answer 6

Abolition of Forced Labor

Question 7

Prohibits hiring of children too young to have completed compulsory schooling, and hazardous work for under 18 years old

Answer 7

Minimum Age

Question 8

Prohibits work harmful to health, safety, and morals of children

Answer 8

Worst Forms of Child Labor

Question 9

Requires equal pay and benefits for men and women

Answer 9

Equal Remuneration

Question 10

Prohibits discrimination in hiring, training, and working conditions, requiring employers to promote equality of opportunities and treatment

Answer 10

Discrimination

Question 11

What is most fundamental to the employment relationship?

Answer 11

Fair wages

Question 12

The goal of employee handbooks

Answer 12

communicating effectively with employees, in a manner that is clear and available

Question 13

What supersedes the employee handbook?

Answer 13

Union contracts

Question 14

Group of workers who coordinate activities to achieve common goals in their relationship with employer(s)

Answer 14

Labor Union

Question 15

International standards prohibit employers from what, in reference to unions

Answer 15

interfering with employee’s rights to organize, intimidating/bribing employees to deter them from unions, and retaliation

Question 16

What are 6 characteristics to identify in labor groups?

Answer 16

1. level at which bargaining occurs
2. focus of bargaining topics
3. union density
4. membership
5. relationship with management
6. role the government will play

Question 17

Concerted activities to protest work conditions or employer actions

Answer 17

Industrial Actions

Question 18

General Strike

Answer 18

a work stoppage

Question 19

Sit-down Strike

Answer 19

strike and refusal to leave work stations, preventing replacement workers

Question 20

Sympathy Strike

Answer 20

supporting other union that is striking an employer

Question 21

Wildcat Strike

Answer 21

strike not sanctioned or stimulated by the union

Question 22

Secondary Action

Answer 22

influence by putting pressure on another employer

Question 23

Work-to-Rule

Answer 23

workers slow processes by performing tasks exactly to specifications

Question 24

Overtime Ban

Answer 24

refusal to work any overtime

Question 25

Picketing

Answer 25

protesting at place of work

Question 26

Industrial actions taken by employers

Answer 26

lock outs and shutting down operations

Question 27

Violation of employee rights as defined in country’s labor statuses

Answer 27

Unfair Labor Practice

Question 28

How can HR work with their org to prepare for industrial actions?

Answer 28

• develop strike response plan
• create supply chain contingency plan
• training managers to identify union strike campaigns and unfair labor practices
• policies to protect workers who do not participate in stikes

Question 29

Components of discipline

Answer 29

employees must be clear about how they have failed to conform to the rules, why the rules are meaningful, what behavior will be expected, and what consequences will occur if they repeat the behavior

Question 30

How to provide due process in employee disciplines

Answer 30

• employee is informed of expectations and consequences
• disciplinary actions are consistent
• employer’s decision is based on factual evidence
• employee has a right to question evidence and defend themself
• employee has a right to appeal disciplinary decision
• constructive discipline process is used
• employee is considered as an individual

Question 31

Corrective action that implements increasingly severe penalties, intended to shape behavior

Answer 31

Constructive Discipline

Question 32

designates a neutral 3rd party to investigate, but is not empowered to settle grievances

Answer 32

Ombudsperson

Question 33

specific individual chosen by senior management to conduct investigations and dispute resolution

Answer 33

Single Designated Officer

Question 34

employee selects arbitrator from a group

Answer 34

Chosen Officer

Question 35

panel of employees trained to hear and resolve employee complaints

Answer 35

Peer Review

Question 36

neutral 3rd party with goal to negotiate a mutually acceptable, voluntary settlement

Answer 36

Mediation

Question 37

submits disputes to impartial persons who listen to both sides and makes final decision

Answer 37

Arbitration

Question 38

Collaboration of governments, employers, and unions in developing contracts and resolving disputes

Answer 38

Tripartism