Emotional Development

Question 1

emotion

Answer 1

rapid appraisal of the personal significance of the situation

Question 2

functionalist approach

Answer 2

emotions to energize behavior aimed at attaining personal goals

Question 3

basic emotions

Answer 3

universal in humans

Question 4

social smile

Answer 4

parents’ communication evoked

Question 5

stranger anxiety

Answer 5

fear to unfamiliar adults

Question 6

secure base

Answer 6

familiar caregiver

Question 7

self-conscious emotions

Answer 7

involves injury or enhancement of sense of self

Question 8

self-regulation

Answer 8

strategies used to adjust emotional state to a comfortable level of intensity

Question 9

problem-centered coping

Answer 9

appraise the situation as changeable, identify the difficulty, decide what to do about it

Question 10

emotion-centered coping

Answer 10

internal, private and aimed at controlling distress when little can be done about an outcome

Question 11

emotional display rules

Answer 11

specify when where and how it is appropriate to express emotions

Question 12

social referencing

Answer 12

relying on another person’s emotional reaction to appraise an uncertain situation

Question 13

empathy

Answer 13

involves a complex interaction of cognition and affect: the ability to detect different emotions, to take another’s emotional perspective, and to feel with that person, or respond emotionally in a similar way

Question 14

prosocial / altruistic

Answer 14

actions that benefit another person without any expected reward for the self

Question 15

sympathy

Answer 15

feelings of concern or sorrow for another’s plight

Question 16

temperament

Answer 16

early-appearing stable differences in reactivity and regulation

Question 17

effortful control

Answer 17

capacity to voluntarily suppress a dominant response in order to plan and execute a more adaptive response

Question 18

goodness-of-fit model

Answer 18

explain how temperament and envionrment can produce favorable outcomes

Question 19

attachment

Answer 19

strong, affectionate tie we ahve with special people in our lives that leads us to experience pleasure

Question 20

ethological theory of attachment

Answer 20

infant’s emotional tie as an evolved response

Question 21

separation anxiety

Answer 21

becoming upset when trusted caregive leaves

Question 22

internal working model

Answer 22

set of expectations about the availablity of attachment figures, their likelihood of providing support and self’s interaction

Question 23

strange situation

Answer 23

laboratory technique for assessing the quality of attachment

Question 24

attachment q-sort

Answer 24

suitable for children between 1-4 years, dependent on home observations

Question 25

sensitive caregiving

Answer 25

responding promptly, consistently and appropriately to infants

Question 26

interactional synchrony

Answer 26

separates the experiences of secure from inseucre babies; emotioanl dance in which caregivers respond to infant signals

Question 27

developmentally appropriate practice

Answer 27

specify program characteristics that meed developmental and individual needs of young children