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Development > Emotional and Social Development of Adolescence > Flashcards

Emotional and Social Development of Adolescence Flashcards

1
Q

Which Erikson stage occurs during adolescence

A

Identity vs Role Confusion

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2
Q

Identity

A

Defining who you are and your direction in life

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3
Q

Identity crisis

A

Period of distress while experimenting with alternatives

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4
Q

Role confusion

A

Lack of direction and self- defintion

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5
Q

What causes role confusion

A

Earlier psychosocial conflicts were not resolved

Society restricts choices to ones that do not match ability and desires

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6
Q

Qualifiers

A

Understanding that qualities can vary from one situation to the next

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7
Q

Integrating principles

A

Helps make sense of former self- concept contradictions

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8
Q

What new dimensions are added to self- esteem

A

Friendships
Romantic Appeal
Job compentancy

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9
Q

2 criteria in forming an identity

A

Commitment

Exploration

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10
Q

Identity Achievement

A

Commitment to values, beliefs and goals following a period of exploration

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11
Q

Identity Moratorium

A

Exploration without having reached commitment

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12
Q

Identity foreclosure

A

Commitment in the absence of exploration

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13
Q

Identity Diffusion

A

Apathetic state. Lack of exploration and commitment

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14
Q

Information gathering stage

A

Achieved and moratorium

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15
Q

Dogmatic, inflexible stage

A

Foreclosure and diffusion

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16
Q

Diffuse- avoidant stage

A

Long term diffusion

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17
Q

5 factors in identity development

A 
Personality
Child rearing
Interaction with diverse peers
Schools/ communities
Culture and societal forces
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18
Q

3 levels of Kohlberg’s morality

A

Preconventional
Conventional
Postconventional

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19
Q

Kohlberg stage 1

A

Punishment and obedience

Overlook intentions and focus on avoiding punishment

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20
Q

Preconventional Level

A

Morality is externally controlled

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21
Q

Kohlberg stage 2

A

Instrumental purpose

Aware of different perspectives

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22
Q

Conventional Level

A

Maintaining a social system ensures positive relationships ans social order

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23
Q

Kohlberg stage 3

A

Good- boy/ girl

Do unto others as you would have them do unto you

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24
Q

Kohlberg stage 4

A

Social order maintaining

Take societal laws into account

25
Q

Postconventional stage

A

Abstract values and principles that apply to all of society

26
Q

Kohlberg stage 5

A

Social contract

Laws are flexible instruments to further human purpose

27
Q

Kohlberg stage 6

A

Universal ethical principle

Principles of conscience valid for all people regardless of law

28
Q

What Kohlberg stages do most people not make it to

A

5 and 6

29
Q

What did Kohlberg emphasize

A

Rights and justice orientation

30
Q

What did Gilligan emphasize

A

Ethic and care organization

31
Q

What moral orientation do females stress more

A

Ethic of care

32
Q

4 moral factors effecting behaviour

A

Maturity of moral reasoning
Emotions
Temperament
Cultural experiences and beliefs

33
Q

Moral identity

A

Degree to which morality is central to self- concept

34
Q

Pragmatic approach to morality

A

Claim Kohlberg’s stages innadequately account for behaviour in everyday life

35
Q

Pragmatic Approach opinion

A

Moral judgements are practical tools used to achieve goals

36
Q

Critics of the pragmatic approach

A

Say people often rise above self interest to defend others’ rights

37
Q

Gender intensification

A

Increased gender stereotyping of attitudes and behaviours, and a movement towards a more traditional gender role

38
Q

Who is gender intensification more common for

A

Girls

39
Q

Autonomy

A

Sense of oneself as a seperate, self governing individual

40
Q

3 Family circumstances effecting autonomy granting

A

Financial security
Work pressures
Stable marriage

41
Q

3 things friendships are built on

A

Intimacy
Mutual understanding
Loyalty

42
Q

4 things friends are similar in

A

Identity status
Educational aspirations
Political beliefs
Deviant behaviour

43
Q

Girl friendships

A

Emotional closeness and bond through self disclosure and support

44
Q

Boy friendships

A

Shared activities, achievement, status, competition

45
Q

3 risks of friendships

A

Corumination
Relational Aggression
Internet communication

46
Q

Corumination

A

Repeatedly mull over problems and negative emotions triggers anxiety and depression, especially in girls

47
Q

5 benefits of friendship

A 
Explore self
Deeply understand one another
Foundation for future intimate relationships
Manage stress
Improve school attitude and involvement
48
Q

Cliques

A

Groups of 5-7 who are good friends and resemble each other in family background, attitudes and values

49
Q

Crowds

A

Several cliques with similar values form a larger group where membership is based on reputation and stereotypes

50
Q

Early adolescence dating

A

For recreation and peer status

51
Q

Late adolescence dating

A

Intimacy, compatibility, affection and social support

52
Q

Dating too early

A

Causes drug use, sex and delinquency. Predicts poor academic performance and risk of dating violence

53
Q

What percentage of youth experience at least one major depressive episode

A

15- 20 %

54
Q

Why do twice as many girls get depressed as boys

A

Gender intensification

Early maturation

55
Q

3 factors contributing to depression

A

Genes
Parental depression
Gender typed coping skills

56
Q

2 types of young people likely to commit suicide

A

Highly intelligent withdrawn

Anti social hostile

57
Q

Early onset delinquency

A

Begins in childhood

Biological risk and inept parenting

58
Q

Late onset delinquency

A

Begins around puberty

Peer influenced

59
Q

Which type of delinquency is linked to serious anti social activity

A

Early onset

Development (5 decks)

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