Emotional and Social Development of Adolescence

Question 1

Which Erikson stage occurs during adolescence

Answer 1

Identity vs Role Confusion

Question 2

Identity

Answer 2

Defining who you are and your direction in life

Question 3

Identity crisis

Answer 3

Period of distress while experimenting with alternatives

Question 4

Role confusion

Answer 4

Lack of direction and self- defintion

Question 5

What causes role confusion

Answer 5

Earlier psychosocial conflicts were not resolved

Society restricts choices to ones that do not match ability and desires

Question 6

Qualifiers

Answer 6

Understanding that qualities can vary from one situation to the next

Question 7

Integrating principles

Answer 7

Helps make sense of former self- concept contradictions

Question 8

What new dimensions are added to self- esteem

Answer 8

Friendships
Romantic Appeal
Job compentancy

Question 9

2 criteria in forming an identity

Answer 9

Commitment

Exploration

Question 10

Identity Achievement

Answer 10

Commitment to values, beliefs and goals following a period of exploration

Question 11

Identity Moratorium

Answer 11

Exploration without having reached commitment

Question 12

Identity foreclosure

Answer 12

Commitment in the absence of exploration

Question 13

Identity Diffusion

Answer 13

Apathetic state. Lack of exploration and commitment

Question 14

Information gathering stage

Answer 14

Achieved and moratorium

Question 15

Dogmatic, inflexible stage

Answer 15

Foreclosure and diffusion

Question 16

Diffuse- avoidant stage

Answer 16

Long term diffusion

Question 17

5 factors in identity development

Answer 17

Personality
Child rearing
Interaction with diverse peers
Schools/ communities
Culture and societal forces

Question 18

3 levels of Kohlberg’s morality

Answer 18

Preconventional
Conventional
Postconventional

Question 19

Kohlberg stage 1

Answer 19

Punishment and obedience

Overlook intentions and focus on avoiding punishment

Question 20

Preconventional Level

Answer 20

Morality is externally controlled

Question 21

Kohlberg stage 2

Answer 21

Instrumental purpose

Aware of different perspectives

Question 22

Conventional Level

Answer 22

Maintaining a social system ensures positive relationships ans social order

Question 23

Kohlberg stage 3

Answer 23

Good- boy/ girl

Do unto others as you would have them do unto you

Question 24

Kohlberg stage 4

Answer 24

Social order maintaining

Take societal laws into account

Question 25

Postconventional stage

Answer 25

Abstract values and principles that apply to all of society

Question 26

Kohlberg stage 5

Answer 26

Social contract | Laws are flexible instruments to further human purpose

Question 27

Kohlberg stage 6

Answer 27

Universal ethical principle | Principles of conscience valid for all people regardless of law

Question 28

What Kohlberg stages do most people not make it to

Answer 28

5 and 6

Question 29

What did Kohlberg emphasize

Answer 29

Rights and justice orientation

Question 30

What did Gilligan emphasize

Answer 30

Ethic and care organization

Question 31

What moral orientation do females stress more

Answer 31

Ethic of care

Question 32

4 moral factors effecting behaviour

Answer 32

Maturity of moral reasoning Emotions Temperament Cultural experiences and beliefs

Question 33

Moral identity

Answer 33

Degree to which morality is central to self- concept

Question 34

Pragmatic approach to morality

Answer 34

Claim Kohlberg's stages innadequately account for behaviour in everyday life

Question 35

Pragmatic Approach opinion

Answer 35

Moral judgements are practical tools used to achieve goals

Question 36

Critics of the pragmatic approach

Answer 36

Say people often rise above self interest to defend others' rights

Question 37

Gender intensification

Answer 37

Increased gender stereotyping of attitudes and behaviours, and a movement towards a more traditional gender role

Question 38

Who is gender intensification more common for

Answer 38

Girls

Question 39

Autonomy

Answer 39

Sense of oneself as a seperate, self governing individual

Question 40

3 Family circumstances effecting autonomy granting

Answer 40

Financial security Work pressures Stable marriage

Question 41

3 things friendships are built on

Answer 41

Intimacy Mutual understanding Loyalty

Question 42

4 things friends are similar in

Answer 42

Identity status Educational aspirations Political beliefs Deviant behaviour

Question 43

Girl friendships

Answer 43

Emotional closeness and bond through self disclosure and support

Question 44

Boy friendships

Answer 44

Shared activities, achievement, status, competition

Question 45

3 risks of friendships

Answer 45

Corumination Relational Aggression Internet communication

Question 46

Corumination

Answer 46

Repeatedly mull over problems and negative emotions triggers anxiety and depression, especially in girls

Question 47

5 benefits of friendship

Answer 47

``` Explore self Deeply understand one another Foundation for future intimate relationships Manage stress Improve school attitude and involvement ```

Question 48

Cliques

Answer 48

Groups of 5-7 who are good friends and resemble each other in family background, attitudes and values

Question 49

Crowds

Answer 49

Several cliques with similar values form a larger group where membership is based on reputation and stereotypes

Question 50

Early adolescence dating

Answer 50

For recreation and peer status

Question 51

Late adolescence dating

Answer 51

Intimacy, compatibility, affection and social support

Question 52

Dating too early

Answer 52

Causes drug use, sex and delinquency. Predicts poor academic performance and risk of dating violence

Question 53

What percentage of youth experience at least one major depressive episode

Answer 53

15- 20 %

Question 54

Why do twice as many girls get depressed as boys

Answer 54

Gender intensification | Early maturation

Question 55

3 factors contributing to depression

Answer 55

Genes Parental depression Gender typed coping skills

Question 56

2 types of young people likely to commit suicide

Answer 56

Highly intelligent withdrawn | Anti social hostile

Question 57

Early onset delinquency

Answer 57

Begins in childhood | Biological risk and inept parenting

Question 58

Late onset delinquency

Answer 58

Begins around puberty | Peer influenced

Question 59

Which type of delinquency is linked to serious anti social activity

Answer 59

Early onset