Emotion Flashcards
What is an emotion? (3 characteristics)
Brief (only seconds or minutes)
Specific (responses to specific events or experiences)
Functional (motivate behavior - i.e. fear motivates escape)
What is the James-Lang theory of emotions?
Specific physiological reaction → specific emotion (every emotion has unique body reaction)
This theory has been disproven
What is the Schachter & Singer (1962) two-factor theory?
Unexplained physiological arousal → cognitive explanation (appraisal + reappraisal of physiological arousal)
What is the Gross (2007) emotion regulation model?
Situation selection → situation modification → attentional deployment → cognitive change → expressive suppression
Gross (2007) model definitions - situation selection
Deciding whether to engage or disengage from specific situations to regulate emotions
Gross (2007) model definitions - situation modification
Changing aspects of the environment to regulate your emotional experience in some way
Gross (2007) model definitions - attentional deployment
How you direct your attention to or away from different parts of a situation to influence emotional response
Gross (2007) model definitions - cognitive change
Changing how you think about a situation to alter the emotional impact it has on you
Gross (2007) model definitions - expressive suppression
Suppressing/inhibiting the outward expression of your emotions
Darwin’s theory of emotions
Emotions are universal; similar to emotional expressions in other animals
What did Ekman’s work on facial expressions indicate?
80-90% agreement/similarity in facial expressions, even in a remote tribal group (not influenced by Western or Eastern culture)
Small set of primary emotions expressed by all people (happiness, sadness, anger, fear, surprise)
What did Jess Tracy’s pride studies indicate?
The posture indicating pride is recognized across cultures, even being expressed by the blind (indicating behavior is innate and biological)
What is affect valuation theory?
Cultures place value on certain goals; emotions aligning with those goals are more valued as well (i.e. harmony is prioritized → emotions aligning with harmony are prioritized)
What are display rules?
Cultures have established rules when it comes to how, when, and to whom it’s appropriate to express emotions (i.e. independent cultures upregulate positive emotions while collectivist cultures downregulate positive emotions)
