Emerging Pandemic Threats Program Flashcards
What is the USAID?
Bilaterlal agency the provides technical support and financial assistance programs in:
Global health
Agriculture and food security
Education, gender equality, and humanitarian assistance
Environment, economic growth, democracy, special assistance programs, etc.
What is the role of USAID?
Promote social and economic progress in developing countries
What are some examples of USAID program implementation bureaus?
Bureau for Food Security- Feed the Future programs
Bureau for Global Health- EPT Programs
What does Bureau for Global Health do?
Improve the quality, availability, and delivery of basic/essential health services
What causes an increase in demand for animal source foods?
Increasing human population
Rapid urbanization
Rising incomes
What are adverse impacts on human health?
Changing trends in livestock production
Pressures on natural habitats and ecosystems
Climate-associated drivers of EIDs
What are the 3 strategic priorities of Bureau for Global Health?
Preventing child and maternal deaths
Controlling HIV/AIDS epidemic
Combating infectious diseaes: global zoonotic pandemics, multi-drug TB, neglected tropical diseases
What is the Bureau for Food Security Objective?
Develop strategies for sustainable and resilient global food systems
When was the first global alert for SARS released?
In March of 2003 by WHO
What is likely the etiological agent of SARS?
Coronaviruses
What are the impacts of EIDs?
Loss of life
Uncertainty and economic consequences
What is important during EID events?
Information and communication
What is needed to bring EIDs under control?
International efforts:
Cross-disciplinary approached
Intergovernmental collaboration
Global networks
Where was the first H5N1 virus isolated from?
Geese in Guandong, China
What is the approach to EPTs?
Strengthen national capacity in Africa, Asia, and Latin America through One Health
What are the objectives of EPT?
Strengthen country-level capacity for routine infectious disease detection and outbreak response
Improve surveillance and response, in addition to risk-mitigation strategies- minimization of practiced and behaviors that trigger spill-over and spreasd
What is the goal of EPT?
To safeguard human and animal health and livelihoods in 20 developing countries where pandemic zoonoses are most likely to emerge
What is EPT PREDICT?
Coalition of experts in wildlife ecology, genetics, virology, bioinformatics, and vet med to build global early warning systems for zoonotic EIDs
What is the focus of EPT PREDICT?
Detection and discovery of zoonotic pathogens at the wildlife-human interface
To strengthen surveillance and lab capacity for monitoring public health threats
What are specific activities under EPT PREVENT?
Characterization of specific practices and behaviors that increase the risk of exposure to zoonoses
Risk mitigation tool for extractive-industry workers to decrease exposure to EIDs
What are the specific activities under EPT IDENTIFY?
Improving lab assessment tools for better targeting of technical and training
Developing and rolling out training modules on diagnosing highly infectious diseases
Improving lab management practices related to biosecurity and biocontainment
Twinning labs in developed countries with those in developing countries
Expanding activities to monitor antibiotic resistance
What does EPT RESPOND do?
Focuses on pre-service workforce training and strengthening outbreak workforce training
What are the specific activities required under EPT RESPOND?
Networking 34 schools of public health, veterinary medicine and environment in Southeast Asia and Africa to promote the One Health Approach among graduates in these fields
Development of an outbreak response algorithm for health events where the cause has not been identified
Supporting outbreak response when requested
What are some new global trends?
Increasing human population
Rapid urbanization
Rising incomes
What are some new approaches to increase livestock production?
Food safety hazards
Antimicrobial resistance
Foodborne zoonoses
What does a need for increased food production lead to?
Pressures on natural habitats –> zoonotic EIDs
