Emerging Pandemic Threats Program

Question 1

What is the USAID?

Answer 1

Bilaterlal agency the provides technical support and financial assistance programs in:
Global health
Agriculture and food security
Education, gender equality, and humanitarian assistance
Environment, economic growth, democracy, special assistance programs, etc.

Question 2

What is the role of USAID?

Answer 2

Promote social and economic progress in developing countries

Question 3

What are some examples of USAID program implementation bureaus?

Answer 3

Bureau for Food Security- Feed the Future programs

Bureau for Global Health- EPT Programs

Question 4

What does Bureau for Global Health do?

Answer 4

Improve the quality, availability, and delivery of basic/essential health services

Question 5

What causes an increase in demand for animal source foods?

Answer 5

Increasing human population
Rapid urbanization
Rising incomes

Question 6

What are adverse impacts on human health?

Answer 6

Changing trends in livestock production
Pressures on natural habitats and ecosystems
Climate-associated drivers of EIDs

Question 7

What are the 3 strategic priorities of Bureau for Global Health?

Answer 7

Preventing child and maternal deaths
Controlling HIV/AIDS epidemic
Combating infectious diseaes: global zoonotic pandemics, multi-drug TB, neglected tropical diseases

Question 8

What is the Bureau for Food Security Objective?

Answer 8

Develop strategies for sustainable and resilient global food systems

Question 9

When was the first global alert for SARS released?

Answer 9

In March of 2003 by WHO

Question 10

What is likely the etiological agent of SARS?

Answer 10

Coronaviruses

Question 11

What are the impacts of EIDs?

Answer 11

Loss of life

Uncertainty and economic consequences

Question 12

What is important during EID events?

Answer 12

Information and communication

Question 13

What is needed to bring EIDs under control?

Answer 13

International efforts:
Cross-disciplinary approached
Intergovernmental collaboration
Global networks

Question 14

Where was the first H5N1 virus isolated from?

Answer 14

Geese in Guandong, China

Question 15

What is the approach to EPTs?

Answer 15

Strengthen national capacity in Africa, Asia, and Latin America through One Health

Question 16

What are the objectives of EPT?

Answer 16

Strengthen country-level capacity for routine infectious disease detection and outbreak response
Improve surveillance and response, in addition to risk-mitigation strategies- minimization of practiced and behaviors that trigger spill-over and spreasd

Question 17

What is the goal of EPT?

Answer 17

To safeguard human and animal health and livelihoods in 20 developing countries where pandemic zoonoses are most likely to emerge

Question 18

What is EPT PREDICT?

Answer 18

Coalition of experts in wildlife ecology, genetics, virology, bioinformatics, and vet med to build global early warning systems for zoonotic EIDs

Question 19

What is the focus of EPT PREDICT?

Answer 19

Detection and discovery of zoonotic pathogens at the wildlife-human interface
To strengthen surveillance and lab capacity for monitoring public health threats

Question 20

What are specific activities under EPT PREVENT?

Answer 20

Characterization of specific practices and behaviors that increase the risk of exposure to zoonoses
Risk mitigation tool for extractive-industry workers to decrease exposure to EIDs

Question 21

What are the specific activities under EPT IDENTIFY?

Answer 21

Improving lab assessment tools for better targeting of technical and training
Developing and rolling out training modules on diagnosing highly infectious diseases
Improving lab management practices related to biosecurity and biocontainment
Twinning labs in developed countries with those in developing countries
Expanding activities to monitor antibiotic resistance

Question 22

What does EPT RESPOND do?

Answer 22

Focuses on pre-service workforce training and strengthening outbreak workforce training

Question 23

What are the specific activities required under EPT RESPOND?

Answer 23

Networking 34 schools of public health, veterinary medicine and environment in Southeast Asia and Africa to promote the One Health Approach among graduates in these fields
Development of an outbreak response algorithm for health events where the cause has not been identified
Supporting outbreak response when requested

Question 24

What are some new global trends?

Answer 24

Increasing human population
Rapid urbanization
Rising incomes

Question 25

What are some new approaches to increase livestock production?

Answer 25

Food safety hazards
Antimicrobial resistance
Foodborne zoonoses

Question 26

What does a need for increased food production lead to?

Answer 26

Pressures on natural habitats –> zoonotic EIDs