Emergency Medicine/Toxicology Flashcards

1
Q

Acute mental status change of unclear etiology, first treatment should be

A

Naloxone, Dextrose, and Thiamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Gastric emptying is ONLY useful when?

A

First hour after overdose (NEVER in case of acids or alkalines)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Ipecac is always wrong in

A

children

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

In a toxicology case where you don’t know what to do, give

A

charcoal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Antidote for acetaminophen OD

A

N-acetylcysteine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Antidote for aspirin OD

A

bicarbonate to alkalinize the urine, charcoal to block absorption, and dialysis in severe cases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Antidote for carbon monoxide poisoning

A

100% oxygen, hyperbaric in some cases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Antidote for digoxin poisoning

A

digoxin binding antibodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Antidote for ethylene glycol and methanol poisoning

A

fomepizole or ethanol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Antidote for methemoglobinemia

A

Methylene blue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Antidote for Neuroleptic malignant syndrome

A

bromocriptine, dantrolene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Antidote for organophosphates

A

atropine, pralidoxime

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Antidote for TCA OD

A

bicarbonate to protect the heart!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Hepatic failure in setting of acetaminophen OD will take place ___ hours later

A

48-72

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

NAC is only useful to prevent liver toxicity ___ hours after ingestion of acetaminophen

A

24

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Aspirin acts as a direct stimulant to the ___ causing ___

A

brainstem; hyperventilation

17
Q

Aspirin can cause what disease of the lungs?

A

Acute respiratory distress syndrome

18
Q

In aspirin OD, respiratory alkalosis always precedes

A

metabolic acidosis

19
Q

In addition to CBC and CMP, order which three tests in aspirin/salicylate overdose

A

ABG, PT/INR/PTT, and salicylate level

20
Q

Benzo overdose is not fatal!

A

Let the patient sleep

21
Q

On all OD patients, order which three levels?

A

aspirin, acetaminophen, and alcohol levels due to high frequency of co-ingestion!

22
Q

The most common cause of death in fires is

A

CO poisoning!

23
Q

CO poisoning presents with what symptoms?

A

shortness of breath
lightheadedness/headaches
disorientation
metabolic acidosis in severe disease

24
Q

Cyanosis + Normal pO2 =

A

methemoglobinemia

25
The most urgent step in TCA overdose is
EKG to check for widening of the QRS
26
The most urgent step in hypothermia patients is to perform an
EKG: look for J waves of Osborn, which look like ST segment elevation
27
Red eye + fixed midpoint dilated pupil =
Acute angle closure glaucoma
28
Initial therapy for acute angle closure glaucoma is
pilocarpine drops to constrict the pupil Mannitol can also be used to open the angle Acetazolamide decreases production of aqueous humor
29
Sudden loss of vision like "a curtain coming down" =
retinal detachment, consult optho!
30
Diagnose uveitis with
slit-lamp examination