EMERGENCY MEDICINE Flashcards
What is the ratio of chest compressions to rescue breaths in CPR?
30:2
What are the 4 hs and 4 ts of cardiac arrest?
- hypoxia
- hyperkalaemia
- hypovolaemia
- hypothermia
- thrombosis
- tamponade
- toxins
- tension pneumothorax
in cardiac arrest rhythms can be either…
shockable or nonshockable
When should amiodarone be given in a shockable rhytm? What is the dose?
Give amiodarone 300 mg IV after three defibrillation attempts irrespective of whether they are consecutive shocks, or interrupted by CPR, or for recurrent VF/pVT during cardiac arrest. Consider a further dose of amiodarone 150 mg IV after a total of five defibrillation attempts
When should adrenaline be given in a shockable rhythm? What is the dose?
1mg of adrenaline (10ml of 1:10,000) should be given after the third shock and then every 5 minutes (usually after every other shock)
What is the contraindication to giving adrenaline in a shockable rhythm patient?
Potential ROSC
What are the two most common shockable rhythms?
- VT
- pulseless VT
What are the two most common non-shockable rhythms?
- PEA
- asystole
When should amiodarone be given in a non-shockable rhythm?
It shouldn’t
When should adrenaline be given in a non-shockable rhythm?
ASAP and every 5 mins (after alternate rhythms)
The secondary survey is used to elucidate potential causes of injury?
What mnemonic is used for remembering the key points of a secondary survey?
- A- allergies
- M- medications
- P- PMH
- L- last oral intake
- E- events prior to deterioration
What is the definition of shock?
Shock can be defined as global tissue hypoperfusion resulting in inadequate oxygen delivery to meet metabolic demands and metabolic acidosis
What are the 5 types of shock?
- neurogenic
- cardiogenic
- anaphylactic
- septic
- haemorrhagic
Which types of shock are distributive shock?
- septic
- anaphylactic
- neurogenic
For haemorrhagic shock
