DIARRHOEA Flashcards
name 5 infectious causes of bloody diarrhoea
- shigella
- e coli 0157
- schistosomiasis
- campylobacter jejuni
- salmonella
Which is more likely to present with bloody stool: UC or CD?
UC
What is the imaging of choice to rule out toxic megacolon?
AXR
What is the imaging of choice in acute IBD?
Flexible sigmoidoscopy
What gram and shape is c diff?
Gram+ rod
What is the management of c difficile? What is the management in life threatening c difficile infection?
- first-line therapy is oral metronidazole for 10-14 days
- if severe or not responding to metronidazole then oral vancomycin may be used
- fidaxomicin may also be used for patients who are not responding , particularly those with multiple co-morbidities
- For life-threatening infections a combination of oral vancomycin and intravenous metronidazole should be used
What is the most likely antibiotic to lead to c diff?
Cephalosporin
What is the mostsevere complication of c diff (can lead to toxic megacolon)?
Pseudomembranous colitis
Smoking decreases the risk of UC or CD?
UC
Which antibodies are associated with UC?
pANCA
Which antibodies are associated with CD?
asca
name the two derm signs of IBD
- pyoderma gangrenosum
- erythema nodosum
Which IBD presents with cobblestone morphology?
CD
What is the mainstay of management of acute Crohns? If the patient has had two or more flares in the past 12 months what other therapy should be given alongside the mainstay? What investigation needs to be done before prescribing one of these?
IV corticosteroids and supportive care
Azathioprine or mercaptopurine, TPMT activity
What two medications are used in the maintenance of remission?
- Mercaptopurine
- Azathioprine