Emergency Med Flashcards
What does KED stand for?
Kendrick extrication device
Objectives of immobilization
- pain relief
- further injury prevention
Used to splint fractures pre-hospital
Kramer splints
ABCDE
- airway and C-spine control
- breathing and oxygenation
- circulation and defib
- disability (neurological status)
- exposure to assess extremity problems
Compression rate in adult CPR
> 100 per minute
Depth of compression in adult CPR
4-5cm
Causes of airway obstruction
- tongue
- soft tissue swelling (anaphylaxis)
- blood or vomit
- foreign body
- direct injury
- laryngospasm
- infections
What’s quinsy?
Peritonsillar abscess
Another name for OPAs
Guedel airways
Aspects of assessment of breathing
- effort of breathing
- efficacy of breathing
- effects of respiratory inadequacy
Methods of testing tissue perfusion
- colour
- capillary refill time
- urine output
- level of consciousness
Definition of shock
Inadequate tissue perfusion
Types of shock
- Hypovolaemic
- cardiogenic
- distributive
- obstructive
- metabolic (respiratory)
Possible IV fluids for treatment of Hypovolaemic shock
- crystalloids (ringers lactate)
- colloids (volvulen)
- blood products
AVPU score
- alert
- responds to voice
- responds to pain
- unresponsive to pain
What does SATS stand for?
South African triage scale
Definition of a major incident
Any incident where the number, severity, type of live casualties or by its location requires extraordinary resources
CSCATT
- command and control
- safety
- communication
- assessment
- triage
- treatment
- transport
1,2,3 of safety
Self, scene, survivors
METHANE report
- my name or rank
- exact location
- type of incident
- hazards
- access scene
- number and severity of casualties
- emergency services present and required
Indications for oxygen delivery
- cardiac and resp arrest
- hypoxemia
- hypotension
- metabolic acidosis
- resp distress
AMPLE
- allergy
- medication taking
- past history
- last meal
- events leading up
RICE
- rest
- ice
- compression
- elevation
Toxic levels of lidocaine
5mg/kg
Life threatening conditions presenting with chest pain
- ACS
- aortic dissection
- pulmonary embolism
- tension pneumothorax
- pericardial tamponade
- mediastinitis
Who usually presents with aortic dissectin?
Systemic hypertension in their 70s
Between which layers in aortic dissectin?
Intima and media
Who gets primary spontaneous pneumothorax?
Young tall thin males
Findings in shock
- hypotension
- oliguria
- change in mental status
- cool, clammy skin
- metabolic acidosis
