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Exam Questions > Emergency > Flashcards

Emergency Flashcards

1
Q

What is used to treat lead toxicity?

A

Chelation Therapy

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2
Q

When is RBC transfusion required in blood loss?

A

Haemoglobin<70g/L or <80g/L in patients with heart failure

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3
Q

What antibiotic can cause polymorphic VT and what is the ecg change also known as?

A

Clarithromycin
Toreadors de points

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4
Q

What is the scoring system used to assess severity of liver cirrhosis?

A

Child-Pugh Score

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5
Q

What is the scoring system used for upper GI bleeds to determine necessity of admission?

A

Glasgow -Blatchford Score

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6
Q

What is the scoring system used to determine severity of acute pancreatitis?

A

Modified Glasgow Criteria

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7
Q

What is the scoring system used to estimate mortality in adults with an upper gastrointestinal bleed who have undergone endoscopy?

A

Rockwell Score

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8
Q

What is the scoring system used to stratify the severity of end stage liver disease?

A

MELD score - model for end stage liver disease

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9
Q

What is second line Bradycardia treatment once 3mg has been met of atropine?

A

IV isoprenaline

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10
Q

What is the treatment for LAST?

A

Intravenous lipid emulsion therapy

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11
Q

What is the mechanism of action of cyclizine?

A

H1 antagonist

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12
Q

What does clear fluid draining from the nose after a head injury indicate?

A

A basilar skull fracture

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13
Q

What medication is used to treat cluster headaches?

A

Sumatriptan

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14
Q

What measure can be taken when a patient has a high intracranial pressure and has already been given IV mannitol?

A

Increasing the resp rate to hyperventilate

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15
Q

What anaesthetic medication can cause a rise in potassium?

A

Suxamethonium

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16
Q

What is the treatment for local anaesthetic toxicity and what would the presentation be?

A

20% lipid infusion IV
Respiratory depression and seizure

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17
Q

What is the treatment for malignant hyperthermia?

A

IV Dantrolene
Skeletal muscle relaxant

18
Q

What would be the advice to give regarding COCP before an elective surgery?

A

Stop taking 4 weeks prior to surgery and use barrier contraception as an alternative

19
Q

What is suxamethonium apnea usually caused by?

A

Pseudocholinesterase deficiency

20
Q

What is the mechanism of metoclopramide?

A

Dopamine antagonist

21
Q

What is the treatment for trigeminal neuralgia?

A

Carbemapezine

22
Q

What is the treatment for narrow and regular complex QRS tachycardia?

A

Adenosine

23
Q

What is the treatment in ventricular tachycardia with adverse features after 3 shocks with no response?

A

Amiodarone

24
Q

What would be an indication for initiating non-invasive ventilation in a patient with SOB and increase work of breathing who has COPD?

A

Acute respiratory acidosis with pH of 7.28

25
Q

What is the initial management of thyroid storm?

A

IV propranolol

26
Q

What is the management for AV nodal re-entry tachycardia (AVNRT)?

A

Carotid sinus massage

27
Q

What is a side effect of epidural anaesthesia?

A

Hypotension

28
Q

What is the gene mutation seen in malignant hyperthermia?

A

Autosomal dominant in ryanodine receptor 1

29
Q

How many times would you give oral glucose for hypoglycaemia before switching to IM or IV?

A

2 times

30
Q

What interleukin promotes inflammation in infection?

A

Interleukin 6

31
Q

What are the indications for a CT head within 1 hour after head injury?

A

-GCS <13 on initial assessment
-GCS <15 at 2 hours post injury
-Suspected open or depressed skull fracture
-Signs of basal skull fracture
-Post injury seizure
-Focal neurological deficit
-More than one discrete episode of vomiting post injury

32
Q

What is the treatment for bilateral pneumothorax’s of 1.5cm?

A

Chest drains bilaterally

33
Q
A
34
Q

What is the first line treatment to control the BP for fluid resistant septic shock?

A

Noradrenaline infusion

35
Q

What is the treatment for unstable narrow complex tachycardia?

A

DC cardioversion

36
Q

What is the definitive treatment for acute angle glaucoma?

A

Peripheral iridotomy

37
Q

In a fluid overloaded patient taking 40mg furosemide who has an EGFR of 26 how would you change the medication?

A

Increase dose to 80mg

38
Q

What is a contraindication of use of adenosine for regular tachycardia with absent p waves and what do you use as alternative when vagal manoeuvres don’t work?

A

Asthma
Verapamil

39
Q

What is the treatment for an infective exacerbation of COPD?

A

Salbutamol Nebuliser
Ipatropium Bromide
Oral Prednisolone
Antibiotics

40
Q

What is the next step during status epilepticus after 2 doses of IV lorazepam have been given?

A

IV phyentoin infusion

41
Q
A

Exam Questions (7 decks)

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