Emergence And Evolution Of Modern Sports Flashcards

1
Q

What is the memory hook for pre 1850?

A

CLEGITT

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2
Q

What sport did the lower class take part in in pre 1850?

A

Mob football

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3
Q

What sport did the upper class play in pre 1850?

A

Real tennis

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4
Q

What we’re together two classes of 1850?

A

Upper and lower class

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5
Q

What were laws like in pre 1850?

A

There were no law and order, violent, wagering, cruel

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6
Q

What was education like for lower class in pre1850?

A

Illiterate simple spoken rules

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7
Q

What was education like for the upper class in pre 1850?

A

Literate complex written rules

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8
Q

What was gender like for lower class pre 1850?

A

Women were seen as weak took part in smock races

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9
Q

What was gender like for upper class in 1850?

A

Women were weaker

We’re made to play lady like sports e.g. artery

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10
Q

What was the availability of money like for the lower class?

A

Had to play simple sports due to lack of facilities

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11
Q

What was the availability like for the upper class in pre1850?

A

Had lots to provide facilities for sports

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12
Q

What was the availability of time like for lower class in pre 1850?

A

Had long working hours only were able to play sport on holy days

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13
Q

What was the availability of time like for upper class in pre 1850?

A

Had lots of spare time for sports

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14
Q

What was transport like in pre 1850for the lower class?

A

Had not had to travel by foot so competitions were local

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15
Q

What was transport like for the upper class in pre 1850?

A

Had horse and cart so able to travel further

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16
Q

What is urbanisation and five examples?

A

Towns and cities began to develop based on industry
Stoke-pottery
Manchester-cotton
Sheffield-steel

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17
Q

What happened post 1850 for class

A

Middle class emerged

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18
Q

What was laws like in post 1850?

A

Upper and lower class made rules and banned lower class sports (hunting)

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19
Q

What was the education like in post 1850?

A

In 1870 all children were allowed to attend school

Made butter understanding of rules

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20
Q

What was gender like in post 1850?

A

Men were dominant upper and middle class women could play lawn tennis

21
Q

What was income like in post 1850?

A

Money was made though spectators of games

22
Q

What was time like in post 1850?

A

Half day Saturdays were introduced for factory workers

23
Q

What was transport like in post 1850?

A

The development of bikes trains roads and canals made transport more accessible

24
Q

Who was Thomas Arnold?

A

Headmaster of rugby school

25
Q

What was Arnold’s aim?

A

Wanted pupils to grow into Christian gentlemen

Believed team games develops loyalty team work leader ship

26
Q

What was the fagging system?

A

Bullying and exploitation of younger students, prefects would use as slaves to encourage healthy competition

27
Q

What is the cult of athleticism?

A

Physical endeavour and moral integrity and showing good sportsmanship

28
Q

What is muscular Christianity?

A

‘Healthy body and healthy mind to serve god’

Creates a link between sports morals and ethics

29
Q

What impact did the cult of athleticism have on sport?

A

The were spread nation wide

30
Q

How was sport spread?

A

When pupils took rules of rugby to universities where the melting pot was used to standardised rules
NGB we’re established

31
Q

What happened to class during the 20th century?

A

It blurred although still dictated activities to an extent

32
Q

What sports did the different classes play in the 20th century?

A

U- golf
M-rugby
L-football

33
Q

What was amateurism and professionalism?

A

Not dictated by class as much however majority of lower class was professional

34
Q

What happened to law and order in the 20th century?

A
  • cruel sports had disappeared
  • code of conduct for football
  • boxing gloves introduced
  • drugs and hooliganism increased towards the end
35
Q

What happened to education was like in the 20th century?

A

Butler act 1944 pe act was part of the curriculum

  • promoted in public schools
  • competitive sports in independent schools
36
Q

What happened to gender in the 20th century?

A

Male dominated changes occurred towards the end of century

37
Q

What happened to income in the 20th century?

A

More money accessible

Divide between private health clubs and local authority gyms

38
Q

What happened to time in the 20th century?

A

Sport was filling free time on weekends

39
Q

What happened to transport in the 20th century?

A

Increase global elite level
Affected by affordability of public transport
Car ownership

40
Q

What happened to class in the 21st century?

A

Less obvious class divide

41
Q

What sports did the class play in the 21st century?

A

U-polo
M-golf
L-football

42
Q

What happened to amateurism and professionalism in the 21st century?

A
Less dictated by class 
Lottery funding increased professionals
43
Q

What happened to law and order in the 21st century?

A

Ethics, drugs, hooliganism, match fixing

More rules for officials, law for safety of spectators

44
Q

What happened to education in the 21st century?

A

Education made compulsory for 18

Exams, degrees for PE

45
Q

What happened to gender in the 21st century?

A

Still male dominated
Increase in female participation
Increase female commentators

46
Q

What happened to income in 21st century?

A

Disposable income dictate participation

Recession had negative impact decreasing participation since 2012

47
Q

What happened to time I. 21st century?

A

Flexible work hours

Have to balance work and sport

48
Q

What happened to transport in the 21st century?

A

Travel is quick
Cars
Aeroplanes for international travel

49
Q

What ways have law and order legislations affected 21st century?

A
  • legislations more involved in sport
  • increase cases of negligence (referee sued for poor scrum)
  • increase police attention to match fixing
  • increased number of appeals to court of arbitration court( Russian Olympic team 2016)