Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

EXAM 1- Anatomical Sciences > Embyology > Flashcards

Embyology Flashcards

1
Q

When does ovulation happen

A

14 days into ovarian cycle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Ovulation process

A

1 oocyte released from ovary, swept up by fimbriae into the oviduct (uterine tube/fallopian tube)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Sperm travel time cervix to oviduct

A

30 minutes to 6 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Results of fertilization

A

Zygote
Diploid number of chromosomes
Gender determination
Cleavage initiated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

XX gender, XY gender

A

Female, male

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How many hours in does cleavage happen

A

30 hrs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

After fertilization, the zygote divides by ____ to produce 2 cells, then 4, then 8, etc
After the 16 cell stage, what is the group of cells called?

A

Mitosis, morula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

At what point in time does the fertilized cell become a morula

A

3 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

At what point in time does the zygote become an ADVANCED morula

A

Around 4 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The morula turns into _____ by developing into a ____ ball of cells with an inner protrusion called a

A

Blastocyst, hollow, inner cell mass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

At what stage (aka what form of the cell) is the uterus entered

A

Blastocyst

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

At what stage (aka what form of the cell) is the uterus entered

A

Blastocyst

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The blastocyst implants into the

A

Endometrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How long after fertilization does implantation happen

A

7 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the syncytiotrophoblast

A

The part of the blastocyst that implants into the endometrium
*looks like fingers reaching into endometrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

When do the trophoblast and embryoblast each differentiate into multiple layers?

A

Week two

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the two layers of the trophoblast

A

Cytotrophoblast and syncytiotriphoblast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the two layers of the embryoblast

A

Epiblast and hypoblast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is a pregnancy test recognizing (hormone and structure)

A

Human chorionic gonadotropin from the synctioblast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

On day ___, two cavities form called the

A

9, amnionic cavity (middle of epiblast) and the exocoelomic cavity (primitive yolk sac)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The amnionic cavity eventually is

A

The space where the fetus develops

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

On day 12, the _____ forms

A

Extraembryonic mesoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

The layer of the extraembryonic mesoderm that is closest to the yolk sac ? Farther?

A

Splanchnic , somatic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

At 13 days, the ____cavity forms

A

Chorionic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Gastrulation happens in week

A

3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Gastrulation definition

A

Converts the bilaminar embryo into the trilaminar embryo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Germ layers produced by Gastrulation …

A

Ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

The ectoderm develops into

A

Neural system, skin and appendages that relate to external environment (eyes, ears)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Mesoderm develops into

A

Musculoskeletal tissue, limb buds, genitourinary system, body wall and membranes that line cavities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Endoderm develops into

A

Foregut, midgut, hindgut, GI tract and appendages (liver, pancreas), respiratory tract, bladder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Endoderm replaces the

A

Hypoblast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Ectoderm come from the

A

Epiblast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Epiblast cells migrate through the ______ and _______ towards the _____ membrane

A

Primitive node, streak, oropharyngeal

34
Q

The future mouth forms from the

A

Oropharyneal membrane

35
Q

The future anus comes from the

A

cloacal membrane

36
Q

What is holoprosencephaly? what causes it?

A

Injury to the anterior midline of germ disc (around the oropharyngeal membrane)
High does alcohol?
Genetics

37
Q

What is caudal dysgeneis? What causes it?

A

Injury to the caudal aspect of the germ disc (near the cloacal membrane)
Genetics
Environmental insults

38
Q

Cyclopia is caused by

A

Holoprosencephaly

39
Q

Sirenomelia is caused by

A

Caudal dysgenesis

40
Q

Sacrococcygeal tumors are associated with

A

The primitive streak (remnants)

41
Q

The primitive node is often called “____”

A

The organizer

42
Q

Splitting of the primitive node causes

A

Conjoined twins

43
Q

What is the ampulla and what happens there?

A

The widened part of the distal uterine tube; where the sperm and the egg meet

44
Q

What is the purpose of the fimbrae

A

Sweep up released oocyte into fallopian tubes

45
Q

The myometrium is made of?
Where is it in relation to the endometrium

A

Smooth muscle
On the outside

46
Q

When is an oocyte considered a zygote

A

During the two cell stage after fertilization; around 30 hours

47
Q

When is a zygote considered a morula

A

16 cell stage and above

48
Q

Explain the purpose of the trophoblast and what it eventually turns into during development?

A

Provides nutrition & support for the developing embryo
Eventually becomes the placenta

49
Q

24 hours after being released, if an oocyte does not come into contact with sperm ….

A

It starts to degrade

50
Q

Another name for inner cell mass

A

Embryoblast

51
Q

When does the blastocyst shed the zona pellucida?

A

Prior to implantation
Around 41/2-5 days

52
Q

Why is cervical implantation not ideal? Is the pregnancy viable?

A

Very inferior
Growth of the fetus in the narrow area would cause lots of pressure, not enough room to grow
HIGH RISK but viable

53
Q

In normal implantation, the oocyte moves ______ towards the ____

A

Proximally, uterus

54
Q

Where is the zygote implanted in a peritoneal pregnancy ?
How does this happen?
Is this viable?

A

Abdominal
The zygote moves distally and falls out of the fallopian tubes
No!

55
Q

What type of cells on the blastocyst invade the uterine wall for implantation

A

Trophoblast cells

56
Q

What is the difference between the syncytiotrophoblast and the cytotrophoblast cell populations? Be specific

A

The sync = ‘together with’ the endometrium
Multinucleated region because cells push into endometrium and lose cell walls
The cyto = stem cell population
Cell walls in tact

57
Q

What releases hCG?

A

Syncytiotrophoblast

58
Q

What cavity will eventually surround the developing embryo

A

Amnionic cavity

59
Q

When a pregnant persons water breaks, what is the fluid that is actually being released?

A

Amnionic fluid

60
Q

Why would it be beneficial to insert a needle into the Amnionic fluid during a pregnancy?
What can we do with the extracted liquid?

A

Extract cells that have sloughed off the developing embryo, allows us to understand how the development is progressing
Perform a karyotype and do genetic testing

61
Q

Why would it be beneficial to insert a needle into the Amnionic fluid during a pregnancy?

A

Extract cells that have sloughed off the developing embryo, allows us to understand how the development is progressing

62
Q

Why might a woman not know she is pregnant? Aka, why might a woman be spotting when she is actually pregnant,?

A

Trophoblastic lacunae (lakes of blood) may rupture and be released at certain points during early development

63
Q

The mesoderm splits into two layers, what are they? Which is closer to the yolk sac?
Which is closer to the trophoblast cells? (Which ones)
What is the cavity that forms?

A

Splanchnic & somatic
Splanchnic
Somatic
Chorionic cavity

64
Q

What does the Splanchnic mesoderm form

A

organs
**internal

65
Q

What does the somatic mesoderm form

A

Body wall
*external

66
Q

At the end of the 2nd month, has the yolk sac fully regressed?

A

NO

67
Q

When is the yolk sac no longer present?

A

End of 3rd month

68
Q

The primitive streak is formed on the

A

Epiblast surface

69
Q

All cells technically develop from which layer

A

The epiblast

70
Q

The first wave of cells that migrates to the primitive streak will replace the _____and turn into the ____

A

Hypoblast, endoderm

71
Q

Cells migrate from the ____ towards the primitive streak

A

Epiblast

72
Q

The second wave of cells migrating to the primitive streak develop into the

A

Mesoderm

73
Q

The epiblast eventually turns into which layer

A

The ectoderm

74
Q

A teratogen refers to

A

The agent responsible for birth defect

75
Q

Sacrococcygeal tumors are located

A

On the lowest part of our spinal column

76
Q

What structure fails to divide that causes cyclopia

A

Forebrain into right and left

77
Q

What fails to divide that causes sirenomelia

A

Caudal end

78
Q

The ___ membrane develops faster/sooner because …

A

Oropharyngeal , the cells migrate through primitive streak towards it

79
Q

The body plan is decided by the

A

Primitive streak

80
Q

Where does the gut tube develop from

A

The endoderm

81
Q

The cytotrophoblast is the ___- for the ____trophoblast

A

Stem cell population, synctio

EXAM 1- Anatomical Sciences (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions