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Cardio/pulm > embryology vasculature > Flashcards

embryology vasculature Flashcards

1
Q

timeframe of vessel formation

A

week 3- birth

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2
Q

diffusion time period

A

first 2 weeks: zygotic period

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3
Q

vitelline time period

A

week 3-8 (emb period)

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4
Q

when does heart beat

A

day 21

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5
Q

Placental stage period

A

week 9-birth (fetal period)
after yolk contents are depleted

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6
Q

how many arteries and veins in umbilical cord

A

2 arteries and 1 vein

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7
Q

what is the purpose of the vitelline vessels

A

bring nutrients from yolk cavity to the interior of the embryo
- also skin is forming and preventing diffusion of oxygen

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8
Q

when is the neonatal circulation stage

A

at birth when systemic and pulmonary circuits become distinct

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9
Q

what do hemangioblasts form

A

primitive erythrocytes and endothelial precursor cells
- hemangiogenesis is coulpled to hematopoesis

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10
Q

what is the main hematopoietic organ of embryo and fetus

A

the liver
by day 60 switch from yolk sac and liver occurs

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11
Q

outside the embryo and yolk sac derivative

A

extra embryonic mesoderm

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12
Q

inside the embryo and yolk sac derivative

A

intraembryonic mesoderm

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13
Q

hemangiogenesis coupled to hematopoiesis where

A

outside embryo

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14
Q

hemangiogenesis not coupled to hematopoiesis where

A

inside the embryo

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15
Q

hemangioblasts are where

A

outside embryo, none inside

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16
Q

vasculogenesis

A

formation of vessels from scratch: occurs in the yolk sac

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17
Q

angiogenesis

A

formation of vessels from existing vessels

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18
Q

how does sprouting angiogenesis work

A

part of vessels stalk off

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19
Q

how does intussusception angiogenesis occur

A

1 vessel splits into 2 vessels

20
Q

major artery running through embryo

A

dorsal aorta

21
Q

branches off dorsal aorta

A

dorsal segmental arteries
ventral sengmental arteries
lateral segmental arteries

22
Q

how many aortic arches

A

5

23
Q

aortic sac becomes what

A

heart tube

24
Q

aortic sac is connected to the arches via

A

right and left dorsal aortas

25
Q

aberrant right subclavian artery

A

part of right dorsal aorta fails to regret and the 4th arch artery regresses causing right subclavian to be a branch off aorta behind the esophagus

26
Q

issues with aberrant right subclavian artery

A

esophagus can press on right subclavian and cause BP drop in right sided UE pressure
right subclavian can also press on esophagus to cause dysphagia

27
Q

association with aberrant right subclavian artery

A

down sydrome

28
Q

double aortic arch

A

failure of regression of right dorsal arch causing a vascular ring around trachea and esophagus causing dysphagia or dyspnea

29
Q

double aortic arch association

A

Digeorge syndrome: 20% have double aortic arch

30
Q

right sided aortic arch

A

left regresses and right is retained
- only an issue if the ligament arteriousus is running behind esophagus and trachea

31
Q

right sided aortic arch is associated with

A

tetralogy of fallot

32
Q

interrupted aortic arch

A

differential cyanosis due to LE supplied by pulmonary trunk via patent ductus aretriousus

33
Q

interrupted aortic arch association

A

digeorge syndrome

34
Q

coarction- post ductal

A

lower extremities don’t receive enough oxygenated blood
collateral vessels form which bypass the coarction to prevent issues
asymptomatic

35
Q

coarction- pre ductal

A

LE do not receive enough oxygenated blood after ductus arteriousus closes, differential cyanosis commonly occurs

36
Q

pre ductal coarction association

A

Turner syndrome patients

37
Q

Vitelline veins

A

hooked up to sinus venosus, running through liver rudiment

38
Q

what happens to cranial part of left vitelline vein

A

it regresses, shunting blood to right side of heart

39
Q

what happens to the caudal part of left vitalize vein

A

regresses to form just 1 vitelline vein on the right side

40
Q

what things form from the right vitteline vein

A

portal vein
splenic vein
inferior mesenteric vein

41
Q

what do the umbilical veins carry

A

oxygenated blood

42
Q

which umbilical vein regresses

A

right

43
Q

what happens to cranial left umbilical vein

A

regresses

44
Q

umbilical vein track

A

directly to ductus bypassing liver

45
Q

umbilical vein becomes what in adult

A

ligamentum teres hepatis

46
Q

ductus venosus becomes what in adult

A

ligamentum venosum

Cardio/pulm (5 decks)

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