Embryology (respiratory and cardiovascular) Flashcards

1
Q

What does the respiratory system form from?

A

The endoderm?

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2
Q

What week period is the embryonic stage?

A

Weeks 3-8

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3
Q

What does the lung bud form from?

A

Forgut

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4
Q

What happens during the embryonic phase?

A

Formation of the trachea and the primary lung buds

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5
Q

What week is pseudoglandular stage?

A

5-17 weeks

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6
Q

What happens during the pseudoglandular stage?

A

The airway disvision is complete and the trachea and main bronchi are formed

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7
Q

When does the canalicular stage take place?

A

During weeks 16 - 26

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8
Q

What happens during the cannalicular stage?

A

Capillarisation with the formation of acinus (terrminal brochioles)
Gas exchnage is made possible
Type I and II pneumocytes start differentiating

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9
Q

What week period is the saccular stage?

A

24 - 38 weeks

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10
Q

What happens during the saccular stage?

A

The type I pneumocytes start thining, the type II pneumocytes produce surfactant.
Sacs move from the terminal bronchioles to the respiratory bronchioles.

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11
Q

When is the alveolar stage?

A

Weeks 36 to infancy

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12
Q

What happens in the alveolar stage?

A

Formation of the true alveoli.

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13
Q

What does the endothelial lining of the larynx come from?

A

Endoderm of laryngotracheal tube.

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14
Q

Where does the cartilage of the trachea come from?

A

4th and 6th laryngeal arches

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15
Q

Where does the epiglottis come from

A

caudal part of hypopharyngeal eminence

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16
Q

What does the epithelium and glands of the trachea develop from?

A

Epithelial lining of the laryngotracheal tube

17
Q

Where does the cartilage, muscle and connective tissue develop from?

A

Splanchnic mesoderm

18
Q

What does the nicotine do to the alveoli?

A

Makes them smaller.

19
Q

What process forms new vessels?

A

Vasculogenesis

20
Q

What is angiogenesis?

A

Sprouting of other blood vessels

21
Q

What are the SA node and AV nodes derived from?

A

Sinus venosus