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Oral Histology > Embryology, etc. > Flashcards

Embryology, etc. Flashcards

0
Q

Mushroom like papilla that perceive sweet and salt tastes?

A

Fungiform

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1
Q

Hair-like papilla that provides tactile sensation?

A

Filiform

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2
Q

Leaf like papilla which perceives sour taste?

A

Foliate

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3
Q

8-10 papilla found just anterior to the terminal sulcus and perceives bitter taste?

A

Circumvallate

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4
Q

Lingual papilla related to Von Ebner’s gland?

A

Circumvallate

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5
Q

Taste bud for synthesis and secretion of pore substance?

A

Type 1 or taste cells or dark cells

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6
Q

Taste buds with unknown function?

A

Type 2 or sustentacular cells or light cells

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7
Q

Least numerous taste buds which are the actual receptors of taste?

A

Type 3 or intermediate cells

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8
Q

Reserved taste buds?

A

Type 4 or basal cells

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9
Q

Invagination of the oral epithelium?

A

Vestibular lamina

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10
Q

3 stages of embryology?

A
  • Proliferative period
  • Embryonic period
  • Fetal period
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11
Q

Period from fertilization to 2nd week?

A

Proliferative

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12
Q

Period from 3rd week to 8th week?

A

Embryonic

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13
Q

Period from 8th week to birth?

A

Fetal period

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14
Q

Life span of sperm cells once they enter the female reproductive system?

A

48 hrs

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15
Q

How long does the ovum wait for fertilization?

A

24 hrs

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16
Q

A process where the glycoprotein coat and seminal plasma protein are removed from the spermatozoan head?

A

Capacitation

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17
Q

Where does capacitation occurs?

A

Uterus

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18
Q

Released by the acrosome to penetrate the oocyte barriers? (2)

A
  • Hyaluronidase
  • Acrosin
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19
Q

Structures that the spermatozoa must penetrate during fertilization? (3)

A
  1. corona radiata
  2. zona pellucida
  3. occyte membrane
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20
Q

It determines the chromosomal sex?

A

Spermatozoa

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21
Q

Any of the 2 cells formed by the cleavage of the fertilized egg.

A

Blastomere

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22
Q

Spherical embryonic mass of blastomeres?

A

Morula

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23
Q

Sphere of cells enclosing the inner mass of cells?

A

Trophoblast

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24
Q

Fluid filled cavity in the blastocyst?

A

Blastocoel

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25
Q

It is the one that attaches to the uterus?

A

Blastocyst

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26
Q

a. Gives rise to the embryo?
b. Gives rise to the placenta?

A

Inner cell mass/Embryoblast

Trophoblast

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27
Q

The amniotic cavity is lined with ______ while the yolk sac is lined with ______?

A

Ectoderm

Endoderm

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28
Q

Which one is bigger: amniotic cavity or yolk sac?

A

Yolk sac

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29
Q

Produces HCG?

A

Syncytiotrophoblast

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30
Q

Slight enlargement of ectodermal and endodermal cells at the cranial end?

A

Prochordal plate

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31
Q

Differentiation of 3 germ layers from which all tissues and organs develop?

A

Gastrulation

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32
Q

Mesoderm arise from what cells?

A

Mesenchymal cells of the epiblast

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33
Q

Mesoderm develops in ____ week?

A

3rd week

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34
Q

Embryonic origin of enamel?

A

Ectoderm

35
Q

Embryonic origin of the teeth except for enamel?

A

Mesoderm

36
Q

Mesenchymal cells arising from the primitive node which extends cranially to the prochordal plate?

A

Notochord

37
Q

Functions of the notochord? (2)

A
  • Patterning
  • Structural support
38
Q

It acts as the main axial skeletal element of the early embryo.

A

Notochord

39
Q

Process of formation of neural plate and neural tube at the end of 3rd week?

A

Neurulation

40
Q

Thickening of the ectoderm cranial to the primitive node?

A

Neural plate

41
Q

Primordium of the CNS?

A

Neural tube

42
Q

Cells found between the neural tube and ectoderm?

A

Neural crest cells

43
Q

It makes up most of the connective tissues of the head?

A

Neural crest cells

44
Q

Occurs when there is problem with migration of the neural crest cells?

A

Treacher Collins Syndrome

45
Q

Symptoms of treacher collins syndrome? (4)

A
  • Downward slanting eyes
  • Small lower jaw
  • Malformed or absent ears
  • Prominent nose
46
Q

Masses of mesoderm that lie on either side of the neural tube?

A

Somites

47
Q

Primary brain vesicles? (3)

A
  • Prosencephalon
  • Mesencephalon
  • Rhombencephalon
48
Q

Folding of the embryo starts in the _____ week?

A

4th week

49
Q

Primitive mouth of the embryo?

A

Stomodeum

50
Q

Combined ectoderm and endoderm with no intervening mesoderm?

A

Bucco/oropharyngeal membrane

51
Q

It temporarily separates the stomodeum from the foregut?

A

Buccopharyngeal membrane

52
Q

Invagination of the stomodeal ectoderm which develops to form the anterior lobe of the hypophysis?

A

Rathke’s pouch

53
Q

1st pharyngeal arch is also called?

A

Mandibular arch

54
Q

Arch forming the facial muscles, vessels and hyoid bone?

A

2nd pharyngeal arch or hyoid arch

55
Q

It become the future external acoustic meatus?

A

1st branchial/pharyngeal cleft

56
Q

Structures that develop from the 1st pharyngeal pouch? (3)

A
  • Middle ear
  • Eardrum
  • Eustachian tube
57
Q

Structure that develop from the 2nd pharyngeal pouch?

A

Palatine tonsils

58
Q

Structures that develop from the 3rd pharyngeal pouch? (2)

A
  • Inferior parathyroid gland
  • Thymus gland
59
Q

Structure that develop from the 4th pharyngeal pouch?

A

Superior parathyroid gland

60
Q

Structure that develop from the 5th pharyngeal pouch?

A

Ultimobranchial body

61
Q

It makes up the anterior 2/3 of the tongue? (2)

Came from what arch?

A
  • Lateral lingual swellings
  • Tuberculum impar of His

Both from 1st arch

62
Q

It makes up the posterior 1/3 of the tongue? (2)

It came from what arch?

A
  • Copula (2nd arch)
  • Hypobranchial eminence (3rd & 4th arch)
63
Q

Connects the thyroid gland to the tongue?

A

Thyroglossal duct

64
Q

Remnant of thyroglossal duct?

A

Foramen cecum

65
Q

Large bulge above the stomodeum?

A

Frontal process

66
Q

Small buds on the sides of the mandibular arch?

A

Maxillary process

67
Q

Localized thickening of the frontal process develops into?

A

Nasal placodes

68
Q

With the presence of the nasal pits, the frontal area becomes the?

A

Frontonasal process

69
Q

It separates the nasal pits from the stomodeum?

A

Bucco/oronasal membrane

70
Q

Continuous growth of the medial nasal process downward produce a pair of bulge called?

A

Globular process

71
Q

Gives rise to the upper incisors?

A

Premaxilla or primary palate

72
Q

2 grooves that separates the maxillary process from the lateral and medial nasal process?

A
  • Nasooptic groove
  • Bucconasal groove
73
Q

Sebaceous glands trapped in the buccal mucosa during development?

A

Fordyce spots

74
Q

Which is formed first: dental lamina or vestibular lamina?

A

Dental lamina!

75
Q

Agents causing congenital defects?

A

Teratogens

76
Q

Give 2 drugs that can cause congenital defects?

A
  • Dilantine
  • Retinoic acid
77
Q

Hormone that can induce clefting?

A

Cortisone

78
Q

Non union of the globular and maxillary process would cause?

A

Cleft lip

79
Q

Non union of the palatine processes and the inferior nasal septum would cause?

A

Cleft palate

80
Q

Cleft affecting the hard palate?

A

Uranoschisis

81
Q

Cleft affecting only the soft palate?

A

Staphyloschisis

82
Q

Congenital absence of either the upper or lower jaw?

A

Agnathia

83
Q

Tongue abnormality caused by short and thick lingual frenulum?

A

Ankyloglossia

84
Q

A condition wherein one side of the face is underdeveloped?

A

Hemifacial microsomia

86
Q

Medical term for cleft lip?

A

Cheiloschisis

87
Q

Results from the persistence of the remnants of the primitive streak?

A

Sacrococcygeal teratoma

Oral Histology (11 decks)

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