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Oral Histology > Alveolar Bone > Flashcards

Alveolar Bone Flashcards

0
Q

% of organic composition of alveolar bone?

Collagen %?

Noncollagenous %?

A

33%

28%

5%

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1
Q

% of inorganic composition of alveolar bone?

A

67% hydroxyapatite

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2
Q

Forces alveolar bone can best resist? (2)

A
  • Compressive forces
  • Forces directed along the long axis of the tooth
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3
Q

Forces alveolar bone can least resist? (2)

A
  • Tensile forces
  • Slicing forces
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4
Q

Functions of alveolar bone? (4)

A
  • Support and protection
  • Attachment of muscles
  • Reservoir of minerals
  • Hemopoiesis
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5
Q

Part of maxilla and mandible with the teeth and alveolar sockets?

A

Alveolar process

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6
Q

It is where the alveolar process rests.

A

Basal bone

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7
Q

True or false. Proper development of tooth depends on the alveolar process?

A

False.

Proper development of alveolar process is dependent on tooth eruption

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8
Q

True or false. Alveolar process may be found in newborns?

A

False. No teeth, no alveolar process

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9
Q

True or false. If bone is lost, remodeling occurs and alveolar process is restored

A

False. No more alveolar process after bone remodeling

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10
Q

It is what occurs after remodeling of alveolar bone.

A

Residual ridge

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11
Q

Compose of outer and inner cortical plate of bone that encloses the spongiosa?

A

Alveolar process

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12
Q

Other terms for spongy bone?

A

Trabecular or cancellous bone

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13
Q

Lines the alveolus contained within the alveolar process?

A

Alveolar bone proper

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14
Q

Perforations of the alveolar bone?

A

Cribriform plate

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15
Q

It is formed by the coronal rim of the alveolar bone.

A

Alveolar crest

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16
Q

Alveolar bone parallels the CEJ at a distance of ____ apical to it.

A

1-2mm

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17
Q

True or false. Alveolar bone proper may be fused with the cortical plate of the alveolar process?

A

True

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18
Q

Radiographic term for alveolar bone proper?

A

Lamina dura

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19
Q

Cell responsible for mineralization of bone?

A

Osteoblast

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20
Q

Osteoblasts synthesize what? (2)

A
  • Type I and IV collagen
  • Cytokines
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21
Q

Osteoblasts are derived from what cells?

A

Mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSC and liver; CB-MSC)

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22
Q

When bone formation stops, osteoblasts become inactive and termed as?

A

Bone lining cells

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23
Q

True or false. The faster bone formation, the more osteocytes trapped.

A

True

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24
Q

Cells responsible for osteolysis and osteoplasia?

A

Osteocytes

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25
Q

Cells that prevent hypermineralization of bone by pumping Ca back to the blood stream?

A

Osteocytes

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26
Q

True or false. After bone formation, osteocytes lose the ability to form matrix and becomes smaller?

A

True

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27
Q

Limited resorption of bone in lacunae and canals?

A

Osteolysis

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28
Q

Secondary rebuilding of perilacunar bone mineral?

A

Osteoplasia

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29
Q

Osteoclasts are located on?

A

Howship’s lacunae

30
Q

Organelle-poor brush like cytoplasmic border of osteoclasts which demarcates the bone of resorption?

A

Ruffled border

31
Q

Ruffled border of osteoclast release what? (2)

A
  • Acids
  • Proteolytic enzymes
32
Q

Part of osteoclasts attached to bone during resorption?

A

Sealing zone

33
Q

Sequence of resorptive events (4)

A
  1. osteoclast attach to bone
  2. creates sealed environment
  3. releases acid to demineralize hard tissues
  4. secretes proteolytic enzymes to degrade organic matrix
34
Q

Encloses the entire bone forming outer and inner perimeter?

A

Circumferential lamellae

35
Q

Makes up the bulk of compact bone?

A

Concentric lamellae

36
Q

Fragments of preexisting concentric lamellae from osteons created during remodeling?

A

Interstitial lamellae

37
Q

Fibrous membrane that surrounds the compact bone?

A

Periosteum

38
Q

Periosteum that contains bone cells and precursors?

A

Inner layer

39
Q

Periosteum which is more fibrous and gives rise to Sharpey’s fibers?

A

Outer layer

40
Q

It separates the bone surface from the bone marrow?

A

Endosteum

41
Q

Lamellae of bone that are arranged in flattened spicules?

A

Spongy bone

42
Q

3 structures of the alveolar bone?

A
  • Cortical plate
  • Alveolar bone proper
  • Spongiosa
43
Q

Cortical plate is continuous with the alveolar bone proper at the?

A

Alveolar crest

44
Q

Cortical plate is thicker in the mandible or maxilla?

A

Mandible

45
Q

Cortical plate is greater on labial or lingual side?

A

Lingual

46
Q

Bone found in areas of recent apposition penetrated by the Sharpey’s fiber?

A

Bundle bone

47
Q

2 locations of hematopoietic marrow?

A
  • Maxillary tuberosity
  • Angle of mandible
48
Q

Spongiosa is more in maxilla or in mandible?

A

Maxilla

49
Q

3 mechanisms of bone formation/ossification?

A
  • Endochondral/intracartilaganious
  • Intramembranous
  • Sutural bone growth
50
Q

True or false. In endochondral ossification, cartilage develops and becomes the bone.

A

False. Cartilage is replaced/substituted by bone

51
Q

Endochondral ossification occurs where?

A

In the condyles

52
Q

Type of ossification in which bone develops directly from fibrous tissue?

A

Intramembranous ossification

53
Q

Intramembranous ossification is found where? (3)

A
  • Maxilla
  • Body of mandible
  • Cranial vault
54
Q

Cartilage of the first branchial arch?

A

Meckel’s cartilage

55
Q

Meckel’s cartilage is found on mesial or distal side of mandible?

A

Mesial

56
Q

When does intramembranous ossification of mandible begins?

A

At the 7th week

57
Q

When is rudimentary mandible formed?

A

At the 10th week

58
Q

Fates of Meckel’s cartilage. (4)

A
  • Incus
  • Malleus
  • Sphenomandibular ligament
  • Sphenomalleolar ligament
59
Q

Cartilages of the mandible. (3)

A
  • Condylar cartilage (12th week)
  • Coronoid cartilage (4th month)
  • Symphysis cartilage (obliterated w/in the 1st yr)
60
Q

Only cartilage that remains in the mandible?

A

Condylar cartilage

61
Q

Incremental lines of alveolar bone?

A

Cementing lines

62
Q

Alveolar line formed by new bone layer and resorption?

A

Reversal line

63
Q

Line found on the surface of inactive bone?

A

Aplastic line

64
Q

Line formed by new bone layer from inactive old bone

A

Resting line

65
Q

True or false. Thicker trabeculae and smaller marrow spaces indicates increased function?

A

True

66
Q

True or false. Thin trabeculae with wider marrow spaces indicates decreased function?

A

True

67
Q

Pressure to bone results to _____?

Tension to bone results to ______?

A

Resorption

Deposition

68
Q

It depends on the functional and nutritional demands of bone.

A

Bone remodeling

69
Q

An important diagnostic landmark of alveolar bone?

A

Lamina dura

70
Q

Window-like defect in which the bone resorb locally and cause the root to be seen?

A

Fenestration

71
Q

Occurs when the rim of the bone between the fenestration and the alveolar crest disappeared together?

A

Dehiscence

72
Q

Hyperfunction of the pituitary gland which causes overgrowth of bone?

A

Acromegaly

Oral Histology (11 decks)

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